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| What is the average kV range for analog skull radiography? kV range for digital imaging? | Analog: 65-75 kV
Digital: 75-90 kV
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| List the 5 most common errors made during skull radiography? | Rotation, Tilt, Flexsion, Extension, Incorrect Angle
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| Which cranial bone is best demonstrated with an AP Axial (Towne method) projection of the skull? | occipital
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| When using a 30* caudad towne method of the skull, which positioning line should be perpendicular to the IR? | OML
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| A properly positioned Towne method should place the dorsum sellae into the middle aspect of the: | Foramen magnum
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| A lack of symmetry of the petrous ridges indicates which positioning error with an AP axial projection? | Rotation
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| What CR angle should be used for the PA Axial (Haas method) | 25* cephalad
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| Where is the CR centered for a lateral skull? | 2" above the EAM
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| Where will the petrous ridges be projected with a 15* PA Axial (Caldwell) of the skull? | the lower 1/3 of the orbits
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| Which specific positioning error is present if the petrous ridges are projected higher in the orbits than expected for a 15* PA Axial/Caldwell? | Excessive flexion or insufficient CR angle
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| Which projection of the skull produces an image of the frontal bone with little to no distortion? | PA Skull
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| What positioning error has been committed if the EAMs are not superimposed with one more superior than the other on the lateral skull? | Tilt
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| What line is parallel to the IR for the SMV? | IOML
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| What position best demonstrates the sella turcia in profile? | Lateral
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| what position best demonstrates the clivus in profile? | Lateral
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| where does the CR exit for a Haas method of the skull? | 1.5" (4 cm) superior to the nasion
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| Critical Thinking: A 15* PA Axial (Caldwell) of the skull reveals that the petrous ridges are projected at the inferior orbital margin. What is the positioning error? | Excessive Extension or excessive caudad angle project the petrous ridges lower than expected. (they should be in the lower 1/3 of orbits)
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| Critical Thinking: An xray of the SMV position of the skull reveals the mandibular condyles are with the petrous bone. What error led to this? | Insufficient Extension of the skull or the CR was not perpendicular to the IOML
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| For a PA waters the petrous ridges should be projected directly below the: | Maxillary sinuses
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| For a Modified waters the petrous ridges should be projected below the: | orbital rims
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| which sinuses are best demonstrated with a PA Caldwell projection? | Frontal and anterior ethmoid sinuses
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| Which group of sinuses is best deomstrated with a waters position? | Maxillary sinuses
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| which sinuses are projected through the oral cavity with the PA axial transoral projection? | Sphenoid
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rachelreilly
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