Chapter 16 & 17 vocab terms
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| Three factors that affect how fast a substance dissolves | Agitation, Temperature, Size of particles of solute
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| Saturated solution | contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at constant temperature and pressure
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| Unsaturated solution | contains less solute than a saturated solution. If additional solute is added it will dissolve until it becomes saturated
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| Supersaturated | contains more solute than it can theoretically hold usually because the temperature is higher than rom temperature (rock candy)
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| Solubility | the amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution
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| Miscible solution | liquids that dissolve in each other in all portions (water and milk)
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| Immiscible solution | liquids that are insoluble in one another (oil and water)
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| Concentration | a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent
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| Dilute solution | contains a small amount of solute
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| Concentrated solution | contains a large amount of solute
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| Molarity (M) | number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution
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| Percent by volume | the ratio of the volume of solute to volume of solution
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| Percent by mass | the ratio of the mass of the solute to the mass of the solution
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| Colligative property | property of a solution that depends only upon the number of solute particles (not their identity)
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| Molality (m) | the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent
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| Mole fractions | the ratio of the moles of a solute to the total number of moles of solvent and solute
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| Thermochemistry | the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state
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| Chemical Potential Energy | energy stored in chemical bonds
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| Endothermic | heat is absorbed from surroundings (to system from surroundings)
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| Exothermic | releases heat to surroundings (from system to surroundings)
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| System | where attention is focused (what is being measured)
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| Surroundings | everything around system
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