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AdvChem Ch16&17
Chapter 16 & 17 vocab terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Three factors that affect how fast a substance dissolves | Agitation, Temperature, Size of particles of solute |
| Saturated solution | contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent at constant temperature and pressure |
| Unsaturated solution | contains less solute than a saturated solution. If additional solute is added it will dissolve until it becomes saturated |
| Supersaturated | contains more solute than it can theoretically hold usually because the temperature is higher than rom temperature (rock candy) |
| Solubility | the amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution |
| Miscible solution | liquids that dissolve in each other in all portions (water and milk) |
| Immiscible solution | liquids that are insoluble in one another (oil and water) |
| Concentration | a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent |
| Dilute solution | contains a small amount of solute |
| Concentrated solution | contains a large amount of solute |
| Molarity (M) | number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution |
| Percent by volume | the ratio of the volume of solute to volume of solution |
| Percent by mass | the ratio of the mass of the solute to the mass of the solution |
| Colligative property | property of a solution that depends only upon the number of solute particles (not their identity) |
| Molality (m) | the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent |
| Mole fractions | the ratio of the moles of a solute to the total number of moles of solvent and solute |
| Thermochemistry | the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state |
| Chemical Potential Energy | energy stored in chemical bonds |
| Endothermic | heat is absorbed from surroundings (to system from surroundings) |
| Exothermic | releases heat to surroundings (from system to surroundings) |
| System | where attention is focused (what is being measured) |
| Surroundings | everything around system |
Created by:
mstreet
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