Energy: Sound & Light Key Terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Acoustics | The science of sound: Study of the interaction between sound waves and objects
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| Amplification | Producing sounds that have more intensity than where they were originally produced
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| Compression | Moving molecules closer together as in a gas
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| Compression wave (longitudinal wave) | A wave produced where molecules are pushed closer together and then rebound to their normal position
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| Crest | The highest point of a transverse wave
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| Density | The ratio of mass versus volume: D= m/V
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| Doppler Effect | When sound waves of an object moving relative to the observer take on a different frequency than if they were stationary.
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| Frequency | The number of waves that pass a given point in a given amount of time.
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| Inner ear | Inner most part of the ear that contains the cochlea and nerve endings
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| Intensity | The loudness of sound
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| Mach I | An object reaches this point when it breaks the sound barrier
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| Medium | A substance that sound can travel through
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| Middle ear | The part of the ear that contains the ossicles (ear bones)
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| Outer ear | The part of the ear that receives sound input from the outside world
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| P wave | Primary compression wave that occurs during an earthquake
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| Pitch | The high or low effect of sound based on frequency
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| Rarefaction | The decompression of a compression wave
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| S wave | The transverse wave associated with an Earthquake
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| Seismograph | An instrument that records seismic waves
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| Sonic Boom | The release of a massive sound wave that occurs when an object breaks the sound barrier
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| Sound barrier | The point at which an object exceeds the speed of sound
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| Sound wave | A compression wave that carries energy to a natural or artificial device that can detect pressure changes
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| Speed of sound | 343.2 meters per second or 1,126 ft/s. This is equivalent to 1,236 kilometers per hour or 768 mph
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| Supersonic | An object that can break the sound barrier
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| Tinnitus | Ringing or hissing in the ear as a result of listening to high frequency or high intensity sounds
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| Trough | The lowest part of a transverse wave
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| Transverse wave | A wave that moves energy in one direction but travels in a path that oscillates up and down in equal directions
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| Wavelength | The distance between two crests in a transverse wave or the distance between the compressions of a compression wave.
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| Angle of incidence | The angle at which light hits a reflective surface
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| Angle of reflection | The angle at which light leaves a reflective surface
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| Diffraction | The apparent bending of waves around small obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings
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| Electromagnetic radiation | Energy that moves as both a particle and a wave that can travel through any medium
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| Electromagnetic spectrum | The range of all possible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
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| Fiber optics | Optical fibers that can carry light over long distances that are used in communication and data transfer
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| LASER | Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
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| Lens | An optical device which transmits and refracts light, converging or diverging the beam.
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| Mirror | A substance that can reflect light efficiently
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| Photon | A bundle of light energy that moves as both a particle and a wave
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| Primary colors | Colors that can be added or subtracted from one another to create other colors. Red, Blue, Green, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow.
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| Prism | A substance that can refract white light separating it into its colored components
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| Reflection | The change in direction of a wave from the surface of a reflective material.
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| Refraction | The bending of a wave when it enters a medium where it's speed changes due to differences in density.
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| Speed of light | The speed at which light travels in a vacuum. (3.00 x 108 m/s)
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| Wave particle duality | Explains the wave and particle characteristics that light exhibits.
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| Decibel | Unit of sound intensity
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