Embalming Chemicals
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chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which such bacteria thrive, & which will arrest decomposition by altering enzymes and lysins of the body as well as converting the decomposable tissues into a | preservatives
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alcohols | ethyl
methyl
isopropyl
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types of preservatives | aldehydes
alcohols
phenol & phenolic compounds
inorganic salts
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characteristics of phenol | very soluble
very toxic & irritating
"grandaddy" of germicides
excellent preservative
used on cadavers
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aldehydes | formaldehyde
gluteraldehyde
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gluteraldehyde | less irritating to skin & eyes
less dehydrating automatically
causes less firming of tissue without sacrificing preservation
more efficient
no OSHA regs against fumes
more expensive
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purpose of inorganic salts | used for osmosis
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inorganic salts | sodium chloride
potassium nitrate
sodium carbonate
sodium sulfate
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chemicals which kill or render incapable of reproduction pathogens | germicides
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quaternary ammonium compounds | zephiran chloride
roccal
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chemicals which retard the tendency of blood to become more viscous by natural postmortem processes or prevent adverse reactions between blood & embalming chemicals | anticoagulants
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precipitants | sodium citrate
sodium oxylate
calcium oxylate
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sequestering agents | TDA (tetrasodium diacetic acid)
EDTA (ethylene diamine tetracetic acid)
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chemicals that isolate individual calcium ions, rendering them unresponsive | sequestering agents
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liquids which serve as a solvent for all ingredients in embalming solution | vehicles
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chemicals which reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid & thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures | surfactants
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other names for "surfactant" | wetting agent
surface tension reducer
penetrating agent
surface active agent
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types of surfactants | sodium lauryl sulfate*
sulfonates
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substances which will, upon being dissolved, impart a definite color to the solvent | dyes/coloring agents
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types of dyes | eosine
carmine
ponceau red
erythrosine
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chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor to a more pleasant one | reodorants/deodorant
(perfuming agent)
(masking agent)
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type of perfuming agents | methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen)
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chemicals that alter the way formalin works | modifying agents
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types of modifying agents | humectants
buffers
water-conditioning agents
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chemicals creating an increased capability for embalmed tissue to retain their moisture | humectants
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types of humectants | glycerol (alcohol)
sorbitol (alcohol)
lanolin (from sheep)
aloe (from plants)
hexylene glycol (waxy)
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chemicals which affect a stabilization of the acid-base balance within embalming solutions & embalmed tissues | buffers
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types of buffers | borax & boric acid
sodium bicarbonate
sodium citrate
EDTA
disodium phosphate
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chemicals added to water for primary dilution | water-conditioning agents (water softeners)
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types of water-conditioning agents | sodium citrate
EDTA
sodium oxylate
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chemical which is a precipitant (anticoagulant), a buffer and a water-conditioning agent | EDTA
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chemical which is a precipitant (anticoagulant) and a water-conditioning agent | sodium oxylate
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high index fluids (30-40) used for edema cases & decomp cases which contain added germicides & tissue coagulants | dehydrating fluids & firming fluids
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