Chapter 1 Biochem Notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| c=c | double bond (alkene)
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| -OH | hydroxyl group
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| -O- | ether group
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| -N< | amino group
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| -SH | sulfhydryl group
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| -C=O ' H | carbonyl group
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| -C=O ' OR | ester group
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| -C=O ' OH | carboxyl group
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| -C=O ' N ^ | amide group
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| what did molecules and cells probably arisen from what? | very simple molecules
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| what is the order of life? | atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cell, tissue, organ, body
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| what are small molecules that may bond to many others to form a polymer? | monomers
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| macromolecules formed by the bonding of smaller units | polymers
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| macromolecules formed by the polymerization of amino acids | proteins
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| What were the first 3 elements present before the big bang? | H, He, Li
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| Monomer-----> | polymer
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| amino acid --------> | protein
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| nucleotides --------> | nucleic acids
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| monosaccharides --------> | polysaccharides
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| glycerol and 3 fatty acids --------> | lipids
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| what are single-celled organisms with no nucleus? | prokaryotes
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| the ability to increase the rate of a chemical reaction | catalytic activity
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| the process of increasing the rate of chemical reactions | catalysis
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| the information for the structure and function of all living organisms | genetic code
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| the total DNA of the cell | genome
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| individual units of the inheritance | genes
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| a membrane-enclosed portion of a cell with a specific function | organelle
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| the portion of prokaryotic cell that contains the DNA | nuclear region
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| the sites of protein synthesis | ribosomes
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| sites of photosynthesis in green plants | chloroplasts
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| a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic nuclei | chromatin
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| an organelle that contains the apparatus responsible for aerobic oxidation of nutrients | mitochondria
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| folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane | cristae
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| a cytoplasmic organelle that consists of flattened membranous sacs | Golgi Apparatus
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| contain hydrolytic enzymes | lysosomes
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| membrane-bounded sacs that contain enzymes involved in the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide | peroxisomes
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| membrane-enclosed organelles that contain the enzymes of glyoxylate cycle | glyoxysomes
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| portion of the cell that lies outside the nucleus and the other membrane-enclosed organelles | cytosol
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| cavaties within the cytoplasm of a cell, typically enclosed by a single-membrane | vacuoles
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| what contains a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane? | eukaryotes
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| what are the 5 kingdoms? | Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Anamilia
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| what does delta G have to be to be spontaneous, pos. or neg.? nonspontaneous? equilibrium? | negative
positive
zero
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