Terms associated with the SI System and Data.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| broadly describes non-numeric properties | qualitative
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| broadly describes numeric properties | quantitative
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| 2 parts of a measurement | number & unit (usually)
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| 2 factors that affect the quality of a measurement | instrument quality;
user skill
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| the quantity/value obtained from lab work | experimental (E) value
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| 'best available' measurement of a quantity (often obtained from a reference) | accepted (A) value
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| equation for calculating % error | (|A – E| ÷ A ) x 100%
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| how close you are (i.e. nearness to) the accepted value of a quantity | accuracy
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| consistency of a set of measurements performed in the same way (or 'exactness' of an individual measurement in some situations) | precision
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| measurement system used by scientists | SI (International System)
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| reasons SI is better than the English system | 1)used by scientists everywhere 2)more logically based (Earth/water properties) 3)numerical prefixes & based on multiples of 10 make conversions easier
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| SI prefix meaning "one thousand" | kilo- (k)
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| SI prefix meaning "one thousandth" | milli- (m)
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| SI prefix meaning "one hundredth" | centi- (c)
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| SI prefix meaning "one tenth" | deci- (d)
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| SI conversion mnemonic | King Hector died by drinking chocolate milk! (others possible)
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| collectively, the simplest quantities measurable in SI | base (fundamental) quantities
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| distance between 2 points | length
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| SI unit of length | meter (m)
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| device for measuring length | ruler (meter stick)
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| quantity of matter (in a sample of matter) | mass
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| SI unit of mass | kilogram
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| device for measuring mass | balance
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| interval between 2 events | time
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| SI unit of time | second (s)
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| 'hotness' or 'coldness'; measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter | temperature
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| SI unit of temperature | kelvin
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| temperature scale based on the freezing and boiling points of water | Celsius
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| equation for converting Celsius to Kelvin | K = C + 273
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| freezing point of water on the Celsius scale? Kelvin scale? Fahrenheit scale? | 0; 273; 32
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| normal boiling point of water on the Celsius scale? Kelvin scale? Fahrenheit scale? | 100; 373; 212
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| human body temperature on the Fahrenheit scale? Celsius scale? | 98.6; 37
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| collectively, the measurement quantities generated by using some combination of fundamental (base) quantities | derived quantities
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| measurement of the size of a surface | area
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| SI unit for area | square meter
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| equation for finding area of a rectangle | A = length x width
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| equation for area of a circle | A = pi x radius squared
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| amount of space occupied by matter | volume
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| equation for volume of a rectangular solid | V = length x width x height
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| equation for volume of a cylinder | V = area of base x height (for 'area of base' see equation for circle)
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| technique for determining the volume of rectangular solid by immersing | water displacement method
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| some (at least 2) SI units for volume | cubic meter, cubic decimeter, or cubic centimeter for solids; liter or milliliter for liquids; usually liters for gases
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| mass per unit volume | density
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| SI unit of density for solids? liquids? gases? | g/cm3; g/mL; g/L
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| density equation | D = m/V
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| all the digits in a measurement known with certainty PLUS one final estimated (uncertain) digit | significant digits (figures)
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| mnemonic for helping determine the # of significant digits (figures) in a measurement | Atlantic-Pacific Rule
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| two situations in which rules for significant digits do not apply | counted quantities; exact quantities defined by a system (ex: 1 m = 100 cm)
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| shorted form for writing very large of very small numbers using a coefficient and exponents (powers) of 10 | scientific notation
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| exponent of 10 that yields the value 100? 1000? 10? 1? 0.1? 0.001? | 2; 3; 1; 0; –1; –3
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| # of significant digits in the answer for this calculation: 5.50 x 2.13 | 3
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| # of significant digits in the answer for this calculation: 1.01 ÷ 2.0 | 2
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| # of significant digits in the quantity "25 students" eating lunch | not applicable... this is a counted quantity so significant rules do not apply
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| curved surface of a liquid in a container such as a graduated cylinder | meniscus
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| the density equation (D = m/V) rewritten to solve for "m"? for "V"? | m = DV; V = m/D
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