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Management Ch. 14

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Term
Definition
Control   Any process that directs the activities of individuals toward the achievement of organizational goals.  
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Bureaucratic Control   The use of rules, regulations, and authority to guide performance.  
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Market Control   Control based on the use of pricing mechanisms and economic information to regulate activities within organizations.  
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Clan Control   Control based on the norms, values, shared goals, and trust, among group members.  
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Standard   Expected performance for a given goal: a target that establishes a desired performance level , motivates performance, and serves as a benchmark against which actual performance is assessed.  
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Principle of Exception   A managerial principle stating that control is enhanced by concentrating on the exceptions to or significant deviations from the expected result or standard.  
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Feedforward Control   The control process used before operations begin, including policies, procedures, and rules designed to ensure that planned activities are carried out properly.  
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Concurrent Control   The control process used while plans are being carried out, including directing, monitoring, and fine-tuning activities as they are performed.  
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Feedback Control   Control that focuses on the use of information about previous results to correct deviations from the acceptable standard.  
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Management Audit   An evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of various systems within an organization.  
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External Audit   An evaluation conducted by one organization, such as a CPA firm, on another.  
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Internal Audit   A periodic assessment of a company's own planning, organizing, leaning, and controlling processes.  
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Budgeting/Budgeting Controlling   The process of investing what is being done and comparing the results with the corresponding budget data to verify accomplishments or remedy differences.  
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Accounting Audits   Procedures used to verify accounting reports and statements.  
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Activity-Based Costing (ABC)   A method of cost accounting designed to identify streams of activity and then to allocate costs across particular business processes according to the amount of time employees devote to particular activities.  
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Balance Sheet   A report that shows the financial picture of a company at a given time and itemizes assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity.  
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Assets   The values of the various items the corporation owns.  
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Liabilities   The amounts a corporation owes to various creditors.  
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Stockholders' Equity   The amount accruing to the corporation's owners.  
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Profit and Loss Statement   An itemized financial statement of the income and expenses of a company's operations.  
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Current Ratio   A liquidity ratio that indicates the extent to which short-term assets can decline and still be adequate to pay short-term liabilities.  
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Debt-Equity Ratio   A leverage ratio that indicates the company's ability to meet its long-term financial obligations.  
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Return on Investment (ROI)   A ratio of profit to capital used, or a rate of return from capital.  
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Management Myopia   Focusing on short-term earnings and profits at the expense of longer-term strategic obligations.  
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Balanced Scorecard   Control system combining four sets of performance measures: financial, customer, business process, and learning and growth.  
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Transfer Price   Price charged by one unit for a good or service provided to another unit within the organization.  
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Created by: sfrase
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