definintions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| atom | The building blocks of matter.
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| compound | A pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine.
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| covalent bond | The chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared.
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| electron | Negative charged particles that are located outside the nucleus.
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| element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by physical or chemical means.
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| ion | An atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons.
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| ionic bond | An electrical attaction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms.
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| isotope | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
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| molecule | A compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds.
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| neutron | Particles that have no charge.
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| nucleus | A distinct central organelle that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA.
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| proton | positively charged particles..
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| van der Waals force | The Dutch physicist Johannes van der Waals who first described the phenormenon.
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| activation energy | The minimum amouhnt of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction.
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| active site | The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme.
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| catalyst | A substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
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| chemical reaction | The process by which atoms or groups of atoms in a substance are recorganized by different substances.
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| enzyme | The biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reations in biological processes.
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| product | The substances formed during the reaction, are on the right side of the arrow.
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| reactant | The starting substances on the left side of the arrow.
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| substrate | The reatants that bind to the enzyme.
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| acid | Substances that release hydrogen ions when dissvolved in water.
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| base | Similarly substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water
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| buffer | Mixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the ph within a particular range.
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| hydrogen bond | A weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine,oxygen ,or nitrogen atom.
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| mixture | A combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties.
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| pH | The measure of concentration of H+ in a solution
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| polar molecule | Molecules that have an unequal distribution charges.
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| solute | The substance that dissolves in the solent.
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| solution | Another name for a homogeneous mixture.
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| solvent | A substance in which another substance is dissolved.
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| amino acid | Small compounds that are made of carbon,nitrogen,oxygen,hydrogen,and sometimes sulfur.
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| carbohydrate | Compounds composed of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.
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| lipid | Molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up the fats,oils and waxes.
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| macromolecule | Large molecules that are formed by joing smaller organic molecules together.
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| nucleic acid | The fourth group of biological macromolecules are nucleic acids.
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| nucleotide | Nucleic acids are made of smaller repeating subunits composed of carbon,nitrogen ,oxygen phosphorus,and hydrogen atoms.
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| polymer | Molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds called monorners that are linked together by series of covalent bonds.
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| protein | A compound made of small compounds that are made of small carbon compounds.
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