IB Chem Organic SL
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| C=C | alkene
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| R-OH | alcohol
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| RCHO | aldehyde
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| RCOR | ketone
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| RCOOH | carboxylic acid
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| RX | halogenoalkane
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| RNH2 | amine
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| RONH2 | amide
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| RCOOR | ester
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| ROR | ether
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| Hydrocarbon | compounds that contain mostly hydrogen and carbon
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| Homologous series | compounds with the same general formula
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| Molecular formula | shows the number of atoms only
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| Structural formula | shows how the atoms are arranged
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| Empirical formula | shows lowest whole number ratio of atoms
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| Structural isomer | same molecular formula but different structure
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| Alkane functional group | none (Alkyl)
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| Alkene functional group | Alkenyl
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| Alkyne functional group | Alkynyl
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| Saturated hydrocarbon | hydrocarbon with no double or triple bonds
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| Unsaturated hydrocarbon | Alkene or alkyne
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| Alcohol functional group | hydroxy
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| Ether functional group | ether
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| Aldehyde functional group | carbonyl
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| Ketone functional group | carbonyl
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| Ester functional group | carboxyl
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| Carboxylic acid functional group | carboxyl
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| Amine functional group | amine
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| Amide functional group | amido
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| Ether functional group | alkoxy
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| Structural isomer | Constitutional isomer, same molecular formula, different structure (includes chain, position, functional group differences)
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| Carbocation | Carbon with a positive charge stabilised by decreasing hydrogen bonds , increaing carbon bonds
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| Dimers | Joining of 2 subunits
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| Radical | Species with an incomplete valence shell. Highly reactive.
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| Heterolytic fission | 2 unequal ions (cation and anion)
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| Homolytic fission | 2 equal ions (2 radicals)
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| Nucleophile | species able to donate an electon pair, lewis base
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| Electrophile | species able to accept an electron pair, lewis acid
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| catenation | elements that can form bonds (chains) with itself
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| Polymer | Large molecule consisting of repeating monomer units
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| Monomer | Small repetitive units in a polymer
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