VA DOE Math Vocabulary grades 6-8
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| altitude | the distance from one side of a polygon to the vertex farthest from that side of the polygonthe shortest distance between the base of a geometric figure and the “top” of the figure; the “top” may be an apex, vertex, or another base
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| area | the measure of the interior region of a two-dimensional figure The area of a polygon in the coordinate plane is a positive number such that: The area of the unit square is one;•Congruent polygons have equal areas;•If a polygon is a union of two or mo
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| term | parts of an expression separated by + or - signs
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| transformations | operations that alter the location or form of a figure
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| translation | a transformation in which a geometric figure is moved to another location without changing its size (isometry) or orientation
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| theoretical probability | the ratio of the number of exppected outcomes if the experiment is repeated over and over; P (E);
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| trapezoid | a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
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| variable | a symbolic representation used to denote a quanitity or expression
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| vertical angles | angles formed by intersecting line. vertical angles have a common vertex and are congruent
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| volume | the total amount of space inside a three-dimensional object. Volume is measured in cubic units.
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| whole numbers | non-negative integers
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| polygon | a simple, closed, plane figure with three or more sides that are line segments
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| polyhedron | s three-dimensional geometric figure with polygonal faces
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| prime number | a natural number with exactly two factors (itself and one)
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| prism | a polyhedron with two, parallel, polygonal bases
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| proportion | a statement of equality between ratios
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| pyramid | a polyhedron with a polygonal base, triangular faces and a vertex
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| Pythagorean Theorem | a theorem defining the relationship between the lengths of the three sides of a right trainalge
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| quadrilateral | a polygon with four sides
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| ratio | a comparison of any two quantities; may be expressed as a:b or a to b or a/b
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| quartile | any of the three values which divide the sorted data set into four equal parts so that each part represents 1/4 of the sampled population.
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| rational numbers | the set of numbers that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers
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| rectangle | a parallelogram with one right angle; a square is a special case of a rectangle with four congruent sides
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| reflection | a transformationin which all points
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| relation | a rule that pairs each element in one set(the domain) with one or more elements in another set (the range)
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| rhomus | a parallelogram with four congruent sides
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| rotation | a transformation in which all points under the transformation are turned through an angle of rotation about a center of rotation
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| sample space | the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment
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| scatter plot | a graph of paired data in which the data values are plotted as points in (x,y) format
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| scientific notation | a standardized way of writing real numbers
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| similar | having the same shape but not necessarily the same size
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| simple interest | a method of computing interest
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| square root | a nonnegative nubmer that must be multiplied by itself to equal a given number
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| square | a parallelogram with one right angle and four congruent sides
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| stem-and-leaf plot | a simple way to display the distribution of data
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| supplementary angles | two angles with measures adding to 180 degrees
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| surface area | the total area of the exterior of a three-dimensional geometric figure;
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| set | a group of numbers, variables, geometric figures or anything else
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| divisible | capable of being divided by a number (a factor) so that there is a remainder of zero
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| dimensions (of a matrix) | number of rows and the number of columns of a matrix, written r x c
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| domain | in a function f(x), the possible values for x: the set of values for the independent variable for which a function or relation is define
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| edge | a line segment formed by the intersection of two faces (planes) that comprise part of a polyhedron
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| arithmetic sequence | a set of numbers arranged so that the difference between any two consectutive numbers is the same
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| box-and-whisker plot | a visual dispaly of the five number summary (Q1,Q2,Q3, minimum, maximum) of a set of data
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| center of rotation | the fixed point around which a geometric figure is rotated or turned
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| circle graph | a graph that shows a circle divided into sectors in order to compare different parts of a data set to each other or to the entire set
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| coefficient | a numberical factor in a term containing variables
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| circumference | the distance around a circle
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| common factor | an integer that is a factor of two or more numbers
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| complementary angles | any two angles such that the sum of their measures is 90 degress
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| comoposite number | any whole number with more than two factors
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| cone | a three-dimensional figure that consists of a circular face (the base), a point not in the plane of the base (the vertix), and a lateral surface that connects the vertex to each point on the boundary of the base
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| congruent figures | two or more geometric figures tht have the same size and shape
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| coordinate plane | a two-dimensional system in which a location is described by its distances from two perpendicular reference lines (axes) The horizontal axis is the x-axis and the vertical axis is the y-axis.
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| cylinder | a three-dimensional figure that consists of two paralletl, congruent, circular regions (bases) and a lateral surface that connects the boundaries of the bases
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| decagon | a polygon with ten (10) sides
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| dependent variable | the values that change in relationship to each other.
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| diagonal | a line segment between non-consecutive vertices in a polygon
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| diameter | a chord that contains the center of a circle
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| dilation | a transformation in which a figure grows larger. dilations may be with respect to a point or an axis related to the graph of a geometric figure
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| isosceles triangle | a triangle with at least two congruent sides
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| linear equation | an equation of degree 1; graph is aline; shows a relationship between two variables; an equation of the form y = mx + b where a and b are real numbers
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| matrix | a set of numbers in a rectuangluar dispaly with rows and columns
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| mean | a measure of central tendency which is affect4ed by all data points; calculated by finding the sum of the data values and dividing by the number of data points
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| mode | a measure of central tendency that is the most frequently occurring value
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| measures of central tendency | descriptive statistics that describe the center of the data set; mean, mediam, mode
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| nonagon | a polygon with nine sides
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| natural numbers | the coutning numbers, the positive whole numbers; a positive integer
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| octagon | a polygon with eight sides
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| odd integer | any integer that, when divided by 2, does not have an integer as the quotient
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| ordered pair | a pair of number used to locate a point in a coordiante plane
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| origin | in a coordinate plane, the point at the intersection of the x and y axes
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| outlier | any value in a set of data that is notabley farther from the mean than the other data
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| outcome | in a probability experiment, the result of an event
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| pentagon | a polygon with five sides
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| perfect square | any natural nubmer that can be expressed as a natural number multiplied by itself
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| percent | per cent means per one hundred; a special ratio in which the denominator is always 100
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| parallelogram | any quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel
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| perimeter | the distance around a geometric figure
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| pi | the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter; approximatley 22/7 or diceimal approximation 3.14
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| perpendicular lines | two lines that intersect to form right angles
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| plane figures | geometric figures that exist in two dimensions (a plane)
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| geometric sequence | a set of numbers arrnaged so that the ratio between any two consecutive sequence elements is constant
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| greatest common factor | the greatest number that is a factor of two or more numbers
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| height | the perpendicular distance between two geometric objects
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| heptagon | a polygon with seven sides; also called a septagon
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| hexagon | a polygon with six sides
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| histogram | a graph with bars used to dispaly categorical data; the categories are consecutive, numerical and in equal intervals;
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| hypotenuse | in any right triangle, the side opposite the right angle; the hypotenuse is always the longest side of the right triangle because it is opposite the angle of greatest measure (90 degrees)
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| independent variable | refer to values that change in relationship to each other
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| integer | the set of whole numbers and their opposites
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| inequality | a mathematical sentence that compares two expressions that may or may not be equivalent
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| interquartile range | the difference between the numeric values representing the 75th and 25th percentiles
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| irrational numbers | a number that cannot be written as the ratio of two integers; when written as a decimal, the digits of an irrational number neither terminte nor repeat
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| equation | a mathematical statement that two or more expressions are equivalent
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| equilateral triangle | a trinalge with three congruent sides and three congruent angles; each angle measures 60 degrees
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| equivlent | equal in value
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| even integer | an integer that is a nultiple of 2
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| expression | a combination of variables, numbers, and/or operations that represents a mathematical relationship but no statement of equality or inequality
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| exponent | a number that indicates how many tiems the base is used as a factor
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| face | a polygon that forms one of the flat surfaces of polyhedron
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| experimental probability | a statement of probability based on the results of a series of actual trials
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| factor | a number or expression that is mulitpled by one or more other numbers or expressions to yield a produce
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| frequency distribution | a list of values a varialbe assumes in a sample;
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| formula | an equation that shows the relationship between two or more quantities; often in the form of a mathematical rule
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| Fundamental Counting Principle | if there are M ways to do one thing, and N ways to do another, then there are MxN wyas of doing both. The fundamental counting principle in the guiding rule for finding the number of ways to accomplish two tasks.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
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Created by:
rdye
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