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midterm exam study guide- ch 1-8, 10-12

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Question
Answer
what are the ways that speakers can get feedback?   friends/colleagues for critique of your speech   evaluation forms to all your listeners   after speech have a small group share their reactions   videotape presentation          
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What is a hormone, triggered by stress that stimulates "fright, flight, fright"   adrenaline                
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what rights Royalty-free materials affords a buyer?   right to use it in publication, speech, or video production w/o having to ask permission or pay anything extra                
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What question permits a broad range of responses?   open-ended question                
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What question requires only a short, specific response?   closed question                
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What question is designed to stimulate elaboration after the initial question?   follow-up question                
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A device that alerts listeners to important points   spotlight                
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A concise review of material covered during the body of speech   internal summary                
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an explicit statement of the place that a speaker has reached   signpost                
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a transitional device that links what went before with the next part of the speech   bridge                
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what term does the text use for evidence that illustrates or substantiates a point?   support material                
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which part of the speech do many experienced speakers recommend that you create first?   the body                
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an instance that seems to illustrate a point   example                
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a description that evokes a lifelike picture within the mind of the listener   vivid image                
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showing how two or more items are alike   comparison                
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showing how two or more items are different   contrast                
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resemblance in some respects between things that are otherwise dissimilar   analogy                
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a story that illustrates a point   narrative                
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numerical facts assembled to present significant information about a subject   statistics                
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statement by acknowledge person   testimony                
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what is adjusting one's material & delivery to meet listener's needs?   adaptation                
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what is to restate material, using different to words?   paraphrase                
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what is the main advantage of using testimony from a reputable source?   instant credibility                
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what is an act, word, or object that is forbidden on grounds of morality or taste?   taboo                
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subject of a speech   topic                
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the broad objective of a speech   general purpose                
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the precise goal that a speaker wants to achieve   specific purpose                
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criteria for high-quality information   factual   reliable   well-supported   current   verifiable   fair   comprehensive    
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what is pretending to listen; tuning speakers out   fake-listening                
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steps in the speech communication process   speaker   message   channel   listener   feedback   interference   situation    
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the originator of a message sent to a listener   speaker                
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the receiver of the speaker's message   listener                
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whatever is communicated verbally and nonverbally to the listener   message                
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the pathway used to transmit a message   channel                
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verbal and nonverbal responses made by a listener to a speaker   feedback                
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anything that obstructs accurate communication of a message   interference                
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the setting in which communication takes place   situation                
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your neighbor's German Shepherd barks whenever someone shouts a command in German at him. A friend's German Shepherd has a knowing look whenever she hears German being spoken. If you conclude (without doing further research)..you are making which mistake?   a.accepting a claim based soley on anecdotes                
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when you ask a question of a listener (to break the monotony of a long presentation), which technique should you use?   ask a question to on individual of audience                
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when are pauses unacceptable in a speech   when used as fillers?                
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interference that arises outside the listener: coughing, baby crying, ect   external                
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interference comes from within the listener: daydreaming, worrying   internal                
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interference occurs when the speaker uses unfamiliar words; wears bizzare clothing   speaker-generated                
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the setting in which communication takes place; time of day   situational                
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what is generating many ideas quickly and uncritically   brainstorming                
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who is a specialist in information retrieval   reference librarian                
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what should you include in an outline?   title   purpose and central idea   intro & conclusion   body   transitions   bibliography   visual aids    
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what are some disadvantages to using a full sheet of paper for speaking notes?   many speakers succomb to the temptation of copious notes which harms them in speech- too little eye contact too much looking at notes   a full sheet of paper can a speaker's eyes to glide over key points because the "map" is so large   if sheet is handheld due to no lectern, it tends to shake and rustle distracting listeners   harder to make corrections on paper than notecards          
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what is judging other cultures as inferior to one's own culture   ethnocentrism                
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why should we not have hidden objectives in a speech?   eliminate ulterior purposes that make is self-centered and insensitive to our listeners' needs?                
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what are you required to do if you want to reproduc a U.S. Weather Bureau pamphlet on how to protect oneself in tornado?   nothing; source is federal gov and not copyrighted' no permission/fee needed                
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what are different types of support materials?   definition   vivid image   examples   narrative (hypothetical)   comparison/contrast   analogy   testimony   statistics  
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what are the main goals of the introduction of your speech   capture & hold audience interest/attention   prepare listeners for the body of the speech              
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list the pitfalls you need to avoid when asking questions.   avoid questions that can fizzle   don't drag out suspense   never ask embarrassing or personal questions   don't divide audience into camps w/ loaded questions   don't expect universal participation for over-response questions   make sure audience understands whether or not question is overt-response or rhetorical      
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an arrangement of information that explores a problem and then offers a solution   problem-solution                
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a scheme that links outcomes (effects) and the reasons for them (causes)   cause-effect                
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an arrangement of information in terms of physical space, such as top to bottom   spatial                
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an arrangement of information in a time sequence   chronological                
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list of websites categorized by subject   subject directory                
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the key concept of a speech   central idea                
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what are the techniques for evaluating speeches   establishing criteria   listen objectively   take notes   concentrate on one criterion at a time   look for both positive & negative aspects   give positive comments first   couple negative comments w/ positive alternatives   ignore nervousness and be specific  
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