chapter 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | the central region of an atom
🗑
|
||||
| atomic number | number of protons
🗑
|
||||
| mass number | number if protons plus neutrons
🗑
|
||||
| atomic weight | exact mass of all particles (daltons)
🗑
|
||||
| isotopes | 2 or more elements with equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons
🗑
|
||||
| Elements in the human body are determined by | the atomic number of an atom: are the most basic basic chemicals
🗑
|
||||
| chemical bonds: ionic bonds | attraction between cations and anions. Are atoms with positive or negative charge.
🗑
|
||||
| Chemical bonds: covalent bonds | strong electron bonds that share.very strong, may have single, double, and triple bonds
🗑
|
||||
| chemical bonds: hydrogen bonds main definition | weak polar bonds.
🗑
|
||||
| molecules | atoms joined by strong bonds
🗑
|
||||
| compounds | atoms joined by strong or weak bonds
🗑
|
||||
| Nonpolar covalent bonds | bonds that occur between two atoms of the same type
🗑
|
||||
| polar colvalent bonds | bonds that occur mainly with different typed of atoms. because of the strength of attraction, there is and unequal sharing of electrons
🗑
|
||||
| hydrogen bonds | these are weak attractive forces that cannot create molecules, but they can change molecular shapes or pull molecules together. Bonding occurs between water molecules
🗑
|
||||
| the attraction between molecules slows the rate of evaporation and creates the phenomenon known as | surface tension
🗑
|
||||
| kinetic energy | energy of motion
🗑
|
||||
| potential energy | stored energy
🗑
|
||||
| chemical energy | potential energy stored in chemical bonds
🗑
|
||||
| decomposition reaction (break down) | a reaction that breaks a molecule into smaller fragments (catabolism) AB-> A+B
🗑
|
||||
| synthesis reaction (build up) | assembles smaller molecules into larger molecules
A+B-> AB
🗑
|
||||
| Hydrolysis (decomposition reaction) add water | water components are added to the product fragments
🗑
|
||||
| dehydration synthesis (condensation) take water away | water is removed from a complex molecule
🗑
|
||||
| reactants = substrates or on the left | materials going into a reaction
🗑
|
||||
| products or on the right | materials coming out of a reaction
🗑
|
||||
| Enzymes: (catalysts) | -proteins that lower the activation energy of a reaction (speeds things up)
- accelerate chemical reactions without themselves being permanently changed or consumed (lowers energy)
🗑
|
||||
| excess heat or temperature and changed in acidity | lose enzymes
🗑
|
||||
| organic | molecules based on carbon and hydrogen
🗑
|
||||
| inorganic | molecules not based on carbon and hydrogen
🗑
|
||||
| essential molecules | Nutrients and metabolites
🗑
|
||||
| essential molecules nutrients | essential molecules and elements normally obtained from food
🗑
|
||||
| essential molecules: metabolites | much larger molecules made or broken down in the body
🗑
|
||||
| solubility | waters ability to dissolve a solute (sugar) in a solvent (water) to make a solution
🗑
|
||||
| re-activity | most body chemistry uses or occurs in water
🗑
|
||||
| hydrophilic | reacts in water: mainly polar bonds
🗑
|
||||
| hydrophobic | mainly nonpolar bonds: example fats and oil
🗑
|
||||
| pH | -Hydrogen ions are extremely reactive in solution. The concentration of hydrogen ions in body fluids must be regulated precisely
pH: the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)in a solution
🗑
|
||||
| neural pH | a balance of h+ and oh-
🗑
|
||||
| acid (acidic) pH lower than 7.0 which means.. | High H+ low oh-
🗑
|
||||
| base: pH higher than 7.0 which means.. | low H+ and high OH-
🗑
|
||||
| pH scale: has an inverse relationship with H+ concentration which means.. ** | more H+ ions mean lower pH, less H+ ions mean higher pH
🗑
|
||||
| Polysaccharides | chains of many simple sugars
🗑
|
||||
| Glycogen is | stored glucose
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
100004007253443
Popular Chemistry sets