chapter 2 More
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1. For the elements chlorine and calcium, the chemical symbols are _______ and ________. | show 🗑
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show | 2A. Fe
2B. I
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3. For the elements potassium and phosphorus, the chemical symbols are ______ and _______. | show 🗑
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4. For the elements cobalt and copper, the chemical symbols are _______ and ________. | show 🗑
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show | 5A. Na
5B. S
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6. An ionic bond is formed when atoms gain or lose _______________________. | show 🗑
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7. When atoms gain or lose electrons, a(n) __________________ bond is formed. | show 🗑
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8. An atom that has lost or gained electrons is called a(n) ________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 9. valence
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show | 10. negative
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show | 11. positive
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show | 12. dissociation
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13. Dissociation means that a molecule breaks into its ____________________. | show 🗑
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14. The bond between sodium and chloride in a molecule of NaCl is a(n) _____________ bond. | show 🗑
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show | 15. covalent
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show | 16. four
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17. An atom of oxygen has ________ electrons to share with other atoms. | show 🗑
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18. The bonds in a molecule of oxygen are _________________ bonds. | show 🗑
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19. The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule are ________________ bonds. | show 🗑
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show | 20. hydrogen
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show | 21. proteins
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22. The subunits of DNA and RNA are called _____________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 23A. pentose sugar
23B. nitrogenous base
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24. The subunits of a molecule of glycogen are molecules of ________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 25A. glycogen
25B. starch; cellulose
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show | 26. glucose
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show | 27. hexose
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28. The subunits of the true fats are ____________________ and ____________________. | show 🗑
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29. Fatty acids and glycerol are the subunits of the energy storage molecules called ____________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 30. amino acids
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31. Amino acids are the subunits of __________________________. | show 🗑
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32. The bonds between the amino acids in a protein are ___________________ bonds. | show 🗑
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show | 33A. amino acids
33B. protein
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34. The name for the water within blood vessels is _____________________. | show 🗑
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35. Plasma is the name for the water within _____________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 36. lymph
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37. The name for the water within cells is _________________________. | show 🗑
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38. The name for the water around cells is ___________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 39. water
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40. While sweating, the body loses heat by the process of _____________________________. | show 🗑
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41. The evaporation of sweat is a mechanism for the loss of ___________________________. | show 🗑
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42. A disadvantage of sweating is that it may lead to _________________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 43. solvent
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44. The sense of taste depends on the _____________________ function of water. | show 🗑
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45. The transport of minerals in the blood depends on the _______________________ function of water. | show 🗑
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46. The synovial fluid of joints is an example of the _______________________ function of water. | show 🗑
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show | 47. lubricant
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48. The genetic material of the chromosomes of a cell is ___________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 49. chromosomes
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50. The carbohydrates that form self antigens on cell membranes are the ___________________. | show 🗑
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51. Excess glucose is stored as ______________________ in the _________________________. | show 🗑
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52. The energy storage molecule in the liver is ________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 53. glucose
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show | 54. glucose; monosaccharides
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show | 55. energy production
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56. The polysaccharide that humans cannot digest is ______________________________. | show 🗑
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57. The polysaccharide that stimulates peristalsis of the colon is __________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 58. true fat
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show | 59. phospholipids
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show | 60. cell membranes
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show | 61. cholesterol
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show | 62. steroid
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63. Cells in the ovaries use cholesterol to synthesize ____________________________ | show 🗑
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64. Cells in the testes use cholesterol to synthesize ____________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 65. cholesterol
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show | 66. pentose sugars
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67. Pentose sugars are part of the larger molecules _____________ and ______________. | show 🗑
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show | 68A. glucose
68B. oxygen
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69. The inorganic molecular products of cell respiration are ________________ and _______________. | show 🗑
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show | 70A. ATP
70B. heat
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71. The purpose of cell respiration is to produce ________________ from _________________. | show 🗑
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72. Biologically useful energy is released in cell respiration in the form of _________________. | show 🗑
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73. The waste product of cell respiration is _______________________________. | show 🗑
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74. The product of cell respiration that in excess will cause cellular pH to decrease is ____________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 75. pH
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show | 76. iron
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show | 77A. calcium
77B. phosphorus
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show | 78. calcium
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79. Two minerals that are needed for nerve impulse transmission are _________________ and _________________________ | show 🗑
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show | 80. nucleic acid
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81. A large molecule made of the elements C, H, O, N, and S would most likely be a _______________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 82. iodine
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83. The trace element ___________________ is part of vitamin B12. | show 🗑
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84. On the pH scale, acids are indicated by numbers ________________________. | show 🗑
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85. On the pH scale, bases are indicated by numbers __________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 86A. acidic
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87. A solution with a pH of 10 is ________________, and has many _________________ ions. | show 🗑
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88. An acid has more ___________________ ions than does a neutral solution. | show 🗑
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show | 89. hydroxyl
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90. The normal pH range of blood is ________________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 91. pH
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show | 92. buffer systems
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93. The bicarbonate buffer system consists of carbonic acid and ________________________. | show 🗑
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show | 94A. weak
94B. lower
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show | 95A. weak
95B. raise
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show | 96A. salt
96B. no
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show | 97. protein
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show | 98. enzyme
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99. The function of enzymes is to be _______________________, which speed up reactions. | show 🗑
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100. The particular function of an enzyme depends on the ___________________ of its ____________________________. | show 🗑
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101. The active site of an enzyme is the place where the _________________ molecule(s) fit. | show 🗑
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show | 102. active site
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103. At the end of an enzymatic reaction, the enzyme itself is | show 🗑
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104. A heavy metal ion may exert toxic effects by blocking the ___________________ of enzymes. | show 🗑
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show | 105. active site
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106. A high fever may change the shape of enzymes; that is, enzymes become _________________________. | show 🗑
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107. A reaction that involves the formation of bonds is a ___________________ reaction. | show 🗑
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show | 108. decomposition
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109. A reaction in which small molecules are bonded to form a larger one is a ___________________ reaction. | show 🗑
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show | 110. decomposition
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