Chapter 9 - Solutions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solutions | homogeneous mixtures of substances that combine to form a single phase (liquid usually); solute dissolved in solvent
🗑
|
||||
Solvent | is in greater quantity and phase remains the same after mixing
🗑
|
||||
Solute | move about freely in solvent and interacts w other molecules/ions
🗑
|
||||
Solvation/Dissolution | interaction btwn solute and solvent molecules; results in aqueous soln/hydration when water is solvent
🗑
|
||||
Solubility | max amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a particular solvent as a particular temp
🗑
|
||||
Saturated | when max amount of solute has been added and soln is in equilibrium
🗑
|
||||
Dilute | when proportion of solute to solvent is small
🗑
|
||||
Concentrated | when proportion of solute to solvent is large
🗑
|
||||
Solubility Rules | 1. alkali metals, ammonium (NH4+), chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulfates, CaO SrO BaO, are water soluble
2. carbonates, phosphates, sulfites, sulfides, hydroxides, and metal oxides insoluble
🗑
|
||||
-ous | lesser charge like ferrous is Fe2+
🗑
|
||||
-ic | larger charge like cupric is Cu2+
🗑
|
||||
Monotomic Anion ending | -ide like phosphide is P3- and nitride N3-
🗑
|
||||
Nitrite | NO2-
🗑
|
||||
Nitrate | NO3-
🗑
|
||||
Sulfite | SO3 2-
🗑
|
||||
Sulfate | SO4 2-
🗑
|
||||
Hypochlorite | HCLO-
🗑
|
||||
chlorite | HCLO2-
🗑
|
||||
chlorate | HCLO3-
🗑
|
||||
Perchlorate | HCLO4-
🗑
|
||||
Dihydrogen Phosphate | H2PO4-
🗑
|
||||
Phosphate | PO4-3
🗑
|
||||
Carbonate | CO3-2
🗑
|
||||
Permanganate | MnO4-
🗑
|
||||
Chromate | CrO4-2
🗑
|
||||
Strong electrolyte | conductive and dissociates completely into ions like HCl and NaCl in water
🗑
|
||||
Weak electrolyte | ionizes/hydrolyzes incompletely in water like weak acids, weak bases, HgCl2
🗑
|
||||
Nonelectrolytes | do not ionize at all in water; like nonpolar gases, O2 and sugar
🗑
|
||||
Concentration (defn) | amount of solute dissolved in solvent
🗑
|
||||
Percent Composition | (mass of solute/mass of solution) x 100
🗑
|
||||
Mole Fraction | number of moles of compound/total moles of system; sum of mole fractions = 1
🗑
|
||||
Molarity | mol/L
🗑
|
||||
Molality | mol solute/kg solvent
🗑
|
||||
Normality | gram equivalent of solute/L solution; molarity of the ion of interest
🗑
|
||||
Dilution | when one adds solvent to a high concentation soln to make a lower concentration soln; MVi=MVf
🗑
|
||||
Solubility Product Constant Ksp | Ksp = [An+]m[Bm-]n
🗑
|
||||
Qsp > Ksp | supersaturated solution, precipitate will occir
🗑
|
||||
Qsp < Ksp | no precipitate will occur, dissolution until soln is saturated
🗑
|
||||
Qsp = Ksp | saturated soln
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
JaeBae4444
Popular Chemistry sets