Ch 17 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Thermochemistry | The study of changes in heat energy that accompany chemical rxns and physical changes
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| Calorimeter | The heat absorbed or released in a chemical or physical change is measured with this
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| Temperature | A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles
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| Joule | the SI unit of heat energy as well as all other forms of energy
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| Heat/Heat energy | Can be thought of as the sum total of the kinetic energies of the particles in a sample of matter
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| Specific Heat | The amount of heat nrg required to raise the temp of one gram of substance by 1C or 1K
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| Heat of Reaction | The quantity of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction
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| Thermochemical Equation | An equation that includes the quantity of heat released or absorbed during the rxn as written
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| Enthalpy | The heat content of a system at constant pressure (Delta H)
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| Enthalpy Change | The amount of heat absorbed or lost by a system during a process at constant pressure
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| Molar Heat of Formation | The heat released or absorbed when 1 mole of a compound is formed by combination of elements
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| Heat of Combustion | One mole of reactant, whereas the heat of formation is defined in terms of 1 mole of product
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| Hess's Law | The overall enthalpy change in a rxn is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process
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| Entropy | A measure of the degree of randomness of the particles, such as molecules, in a system (Delta S)
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| Free Energy | The combined enthalpy-entropy function (G)
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| Free-energy Change | The difference between the change in enthalpy and the product of the K temp and entropy change
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| Reaction Mechanism | The step-by-step sequence of reactions by which the overall chemical change occurs
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| Intermediates | Species that appear in some steps but not in the net equation
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| Homogeneous Reactions | A reaction whose reactants and products exist is a single phase
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| Collision Theory | The set of assumptions regarding collisions and reactions
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| Activation Energy | The minimum energy required to transform the reactants into an activated complex
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| Activated Complex | A transitional structure that results from an effective collision and that persists while bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming
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| Reaction Rate | The change in concentration of reactants per unit time as a reaction proceeds
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| Chemical Kinetics | The area of chemistry that is concerned with reaction rates and reaction mechanisms
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| Heterogeneous Reactions | Involve reactants in two different phases
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| Catalyst | A substance that changes the rate of a chemical rxn without itself being permanently consumed
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| Catalysis | The action of a catalyst
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| Homogenous Catalyst | A catalyst that is in the same phase as all the reactants and products in a rxn
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| Heterogeneous Catalyst | When the phase is different from that of the reactants
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| Rate Law | An equation that relates reaction rate and concentrations of reactions
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| Rate-determining Step | The slowest rate step
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