review of common terms
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| addition reaction | A reaction where atoms are added to a organic molecule and a double or triple bond is broken
🗑
|
||||
| alcohol | An organic molecule containing an -OH functional group
🗑
|
||||
| aldehyde | An organic molecule containing a -COH functional group
🗑
|
||||
| alkane | An organic molecule which contains only single carbon to carbon bonds
🗑
|
||||
| alkene | An organic molecule containing at least one double carbon bond
🗑
|
||||
| alkyne | An organic molecule containing at least one triple carbon bond
🗑
|
||||
| amine | An organic molecule which has an ammonia molecule where one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by organic groups
🗑
|
||||
| decomposition | When a complex molecule breaks apart to become two or more smaller molecules
🗑
|
||||
| double bond | Sometimes atoms share two pairs of electrons to form a double bond (two covalent bonds)
🗑
|
||||
| empirical formula | A simplified molecular formula. If you have a molecular formula and you can decrease all of the subscripts by some constant number
🗑
|
||||
| ester | An organic molecule with a R-C(double bond)O-OR' functional group
🗑
|
||||
| functional group | A common term for a group of atoms that cause a molecule to react in a particular way
🗑
|
||||
| hydrocarbon | A molecule containing hydrogen and carbon
🗑
|
||||
| isomers | Compounds having the same atomic number but differ in their chemical structure
🗑
|
||||
| IUPAC | The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, create rules for naming organic compounds
🗑
|
||||
| molecular formula | A formula that shows the exact amount of all of the atoms in a molecule
🗑
|
||||
| organic acid | An organic molecule with a -COOH functional group
🗑
|
||||
| organic compound | A compound that contains carbon *excluding carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other carbonates
🗑
|
||||
| saturated | The term given to organic molecules that contain only single bonds
🗑
|
||||
| structural formula | A 2D picture of a molecule showing all of its atoms and bonds
🗑
|
||||
| substitution reaction | A reaction where an atom is replaced by another atom
🗑
|
||||
| synthesis | When a molecule is made of two or more smaller molecules
🗑
|
||||
| unsaturated | The term given to an organic compound containing dobule or triple bonds
🗑
|
||||
| Methanol | the simplest alcohol with a structure of R-OH
🗑
|
||||
| Ethanol | A type of biofuel produced from plant materials; flammable, colorless chemical compound
🗑
|
||||
| R-COOH | The General Formula of Carboxylic Acids a.k.a. Organic Acids
🗑
|
||||
| R-OH | Alcohol (functional group)
🗑
|
||||
| saturated hydrocarbon | A hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds
🗑
|
||||
| unsaturated hydrocarbon | Hydrocarbons that have double or triple bonds
🗑
|
||||
| functiona group | the parts of molecules used to differentiate classifications of organic molecules
🗑
|
||||
| Keytones | Sweet or fruity smelling urine, the liver produces in excess then fat is used instead of glucose for energy?
🗑
|
||||
| amines | An NH2 molecule bonded to a carbon atom (makes basic molecules)
🗑
|
||||
| amino acids | Compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.
🗑
|
||||
| carbohydrates | Building block molecules are called monosaccharides; the atoms CHO (1,2,1) are present
🗑
|
||||
| -COO- | What is the functional group of esters?
🗑
|
||||
| acetic acid | ethanoic acid... is a derivative of ethanol
🗑
|
||||
| Phenol | An organic compound in which an -OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is part of an aromatic carbon ring system.
🗑
|
||||
| dehydrogenation | A form of oxidation in which hydrogen atoms are removed from a molecule.
🗑
|
||||
| hydrogenation | Adding hydrogen gas to an unsaturated fat to increase shelf life, turns it into trans
🗑
|
||||
| polymerization | A chemical process that combines several monomers to form a polymer.
🗑
|
||||
| isomer | Compounds with the same formula but different structures.
🗑
|
||||
| solvay process | an industrial process for producing sodium carbonate from sodium chloride and ammonia and carbon dioxide
🗑
|
||||
| cracking | Breaking up large hydrocarbons into smaller ones using heat.
🗑
|
||||
| aromatics | Herbs, spices, and flavorings that create a savory smell and flavor in stocks, Cyclic organic compounds characterized by the presence of at least one 6 carbon benzene ring.
🗑
|
||||
| alkylation | a chemical reaction in which an alkyl group is transferred from one molecule to another. in chemotherapy, alkylation leads to damage of the cancer cell DNA and cell death.
🗑
|
||||
| fullerines | organic molecules which are shaped like geodesic domes
🗑
|
||||
| photosynthesis | Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
🗑
|
||||
| disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.
🗑
|
||||
| ionic bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
🗑
|
||||
| polypetide | cells create proteins by linking amino acids together into a chain
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
rufuspat
Popular Chemistry sets