self-quiz
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| Which is not a major fx of the kidney? A. regulation of blood ionic composition B. regulation of blood cell size C. regulation of blood volume D. regulation of BP E. regulation of blood pH | B. regulation of blood cell size
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| What is the formation of a new glucose molecule? | Gluconeogenesis
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| Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys? A. urea B. glucose C. insulin D. cholesterol E. CO2 | A. Urea
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| This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter. | Renal Capsule
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| The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the ___. | Renal Columns
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| What is the correct order of blood flow through the kidneys? | Renal Artery>Segmental Arteries>Interlobar Arteries>Arcuate Arteries>Interlobular Arteries>Afferent Arterioles>Glomerular Capillaries>Efferent Arterioles>Peritubular Capillaries>Interlobular Veins>Arcuate Veins>Interlobar Veins>Renal Vein
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| What is the correct order of filtrate flow? | Glomerular (Bowman's) Capsule>Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)>Loop of Henle>Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)>Collecting Duct
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| The ___ structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances. A. Glomerular Capsule B. Loop of Henle C. Ascending Limb D. Collecting Duct E. Proximal Convoluted Tubule | E. Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
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| This structure of the nephron filters blood: A. Glomerular Capsule B. Loop of Henle C. Ascending Limb D. Collecting Duct E. Renal Corpuscle | A. Glomerular Capsule
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| This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate: A. Reabsorption B. Filtration C. Secretion D. Excretion E. None | A. Reabsorption
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| This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate. A. reabsorption B. filtration C. secretion D. excretion E. None | C. Secretion
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| This layer of filtration membrane is composed of collagen fibers & proteoglycans in a glycoprotein matrix. A. glomerular endothelial cells B. basal lamina C. pedicels D. filtration slits E. slit membrane | B. Basal Lamina
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| This occurs when stretching triggers contraction of smooth muscle walls in afferent arterioles. A. glomerular filtration rate B. tubulomerular feedback C. myogenic mechanism D. renal autoregulation E. capsular hydrostatic pressure | C. Myogenic Mechanism
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| This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane, across the cytosol, & then into the interstitial fluid: | Transcellular Reabsorption
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| The proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb which percentage of filtered H2O?? A. 25% B. 50% C. 65% D. 80% E. 99% | C. 65%
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| Which of the following is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys? A. It increases GFR B. It can decrease GFR C. It enhances reabsorption of certain ions D. It stimulates the release of aldosterone E. None | A. It increases GFR
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| Urea recycling can cause a buildup of urea in the __. A. renal capsule B. loop of Henle C. ascending tubule D. renal medulla E. renal pelvis | D. Renal Medulla
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| Increased secretion of hydrogen ions would result in a ___ of blood ___. A. increase, pressure B. decrease, volume C. increase, sodium levels D. decrease, pH E. increase, urea | D. decrease, pH
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| Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a ___ of blood ___. A. increase, potassium B. decrease, volume C. increase, calcium levels D. decrease, pH E. increase, sodium | E. increase, sodium
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| An analysis of the physical, chemical, & microscopic properties of urine is called __. | Urinalysis
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| H2O accounts for which percentage of the total volume of urine? | 95%
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| This is a test to measure kidney fx. | Plasma creatinine
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| This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder. | Ureter
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| This layer of the ureter is composed of connective tissue, collagen, & elastic fibers. A. Mucosa B. Transitional Epithelium C. Lamina Propria D. Adventitia E. Lamina Elastica | C. Lamina Propria
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| This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder. A. Urethral Sphincter B. Adventitia bundle C. Ureter D. Internal Urethral Orifice E. Muscularis Bundle | D. Internal Urethral Orifice
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| An increase in permeability of the filtration membrane d/t disease, injury or irritation of kidney cells by substances such as bacterial toxins, ether, or heavy metals indicates which condition? | Albuminuria
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| Anorexia, starvation, or a diet too low in carbohydrates indicates which condition? | Ketonuria
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| Stress, causing excessive amounts of epinephrine secretion which stimulates glycogen breakdown, indicates which condition? This condition can also indicate diabetes mellitus. | Glucosuria
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| Excessive urine concentration of a normal breakdown product of hemoglobin caused by pernicious anemia, infectious hepatitis, jaundice, or cirrhosis indicates which condition? | Urobilinogenuria
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| This substance gives bile its major pigmentation: | Bilirubin
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| These are tiny masses of material, hardened in the lumen of the urinary tubule & are flushed out when filtrate builds up behind them: | Casts
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| Candida albicans & E. coli are which type of abnormal constituent of urine? | Microbes
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| What is the normal pH range of urine in humans? | 4.6-8.0
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| What is the normal volume of urine produced in humans? | 2L/day
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| What is the normal specific gravity range of urine in humans? | 1.001-1.035
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| T/F: Parasympathetic division of ANS regulates kidney fx. | False
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| This hormone is released when the blood volume increases. | Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
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| Consumption of salty food will cause an increase in this hormone | Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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| Absence of angiotensin converting enzyme will lead to __. | decreased BP
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| If the urinary excretion rate of a drug such as penicillin is greater than the rate at which it is filtered at the glomerulus, how else is it getting into the urine? | Tubular secretion
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| How does the urinary system help the nervous system? | The kidneys perform gluconeogenesis, providing glucose for neurons
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| What condition is characterized by elevated blood levels of cholesterol, phospholipids, & triglycerides with depressed blood levels of albumin? | Nephrotic Syndrome
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| T/F: The liver contributes to waste management by detoxifying substances & the lungs participate by excreting CO2. | TRUE
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| What type of embyronic tissue develops into nephrons? | Mesoderm
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| T/F: Intercalated cells resorb potassium ions, bicarbonate ions, & secrete hydrogen ions. | TRUE
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