Classification of Matter
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| The study of matter and how it is affected by energy | Chemistry
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| The study of energy and how it effects matter | Physics
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| Anything that has mass and takes up space | Matter
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| Into what 2 main categories can matter be classified? | Pure Substances and Mixtures
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| A substance made up of only one type of atom | Element
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| A substance made up of two or more elements; cannot be easily separated | Compound
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| A substance made up of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means | Mixture
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| The prefix hetero means _______ | different
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| The prefix homo means ______ | the same
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| What type of mixture contains substances that are unequally dispersed throughout? | heterogeneous
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| What type of mixture is made up of substances equally dispersed throughout? | homogeneous
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| Separation of a solid dissolved in a liquid by weight as it moves up something | Chromatography (Inks separated on paper)
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| Separation of liquids by pouring off the “lighter” one | Decanting (oil and water)
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| Separation of liquids with different boiling points by boiling one and condensing is in another vessel | Distillation (alcohol and water)
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| Separation of a solid from a liquid | Evaporation or Boiling
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| Separation of an undissolved solid and a liquid | Filtering
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| Separation of a magnetic solid from other materials | Magnetism
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| Separation of solids of different sizes | Sieving or Screening
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| A heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that never settle | Colloid
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| What keeps the large particles in colloids from settling? | The constant random motion (Brownian motion) of smaller particles within the colloid keeps them suspended.
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| What occurs within colloids because of the larger particles? | The Tyndall Effect; a scattering of light as it passes through a colloid and strikes the larger particles
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| A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid from which visible particles settle out | suspension (Italian dressing, muddy water)
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| A homogenous mixture is also called this | A solution
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| A solution contains two parts: _______ & _______ | The solute and the solvent
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| This is the solid that dissolves to create a solution | The solute
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| This is the liquid into which the solid dissolves | The solvent
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| Characteristic of a substance which can be observed without changing its identity. | Physical Property
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| What are some physical properties? | Color shape, size, texture, luster, state of matter, magnetism, ductility viscosity, heat conduction, electrical conduction, freezing or boiling points
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| Into what two categories do physical properties fall? | Appearance and Behavior
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| A change in a substance’s size, shape, or state of matter without changing its identity | Physical change.
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| A change of a substance into one or more other substances | Chemical change
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| List some signs of a chemical change | heat or cold, light produced, electricity released, gas made, precipitate formed, definite color change, new substance(s) formed
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| Characteristics of a substance indicating that it can change chemically (to a different substance) | Chemical properties
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| When a substance undergoes a chemical change, we say it has ________ | reacted (undergone a chemical reaction)
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| What are some chemical properties? | Flammability, Combustibility, Corrosive
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| State the Law of Conservation of Matter | In a closed system, the mass of all substances present before a chemical change equals the mass of all substances after the change.
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| Physical and chemical changes to the Earth’s surface over a long period of time | Weathering
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| What causes weathering? | Earthquakes, runoff, acid rain, among many other things
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| What is the reaction of oxygen in a flame test? | A glowing split relights
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| What is the reaction of hydrogen in a flame test? | A lit splint “barks” explosively
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| What is the reaction of Carbon dioxide (CO2) in a flame test? | A lit splint goes out.
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