Independent Study
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium (sac around heart mm) can be acute or chronic
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| classic symptom of pericarditis | sharp & often sudden pleuritic pn that increases w/ deep inspiration
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| endocarditis | also known as infective endocarditis. is inflammation of the membrane lining the valves & chambers of the heart. can be acute, subacute or chronic
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| most common valve problems | mitral & aortic
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| location of mitral valve | between L ventricle & L atrium
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| location of aortic valve | between L ventricle and aorta
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| mitral stenosis | blood flow is obstructed from L atrium to L ventrical-valve opening too narrow
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| insufficiency | blood from L ventricle flows back into L atrium-backflow
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| prolapse | "to fall out of place"- valves don't close properly
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| 2 types of valve sx | balloon valvuloplasty or surgical replacement of valve
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| cardiomyopathy | group of conditions that affect the heart mm. the only cure is a heart transplant
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| congenital heart disease | anatomic defect that develops in utero
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| 2 categories of congenital heart disease | cyanotic & acyanotic
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| cyanotic conditions | blood flow obstructed or oxygenated blood being mixed with venous blood
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| arrhythmia | disturbance in heart rate or rhythm caused by SA node dysfunction or conduction disturbance
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| bradycardia | <60 BPM
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| tachycardia | >100 BPM
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| atrial fibrillation | involuntary, irregular mm contraction of atrium, most common arrhythmia
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| ventricular fibrillation | involuntary mm contraction of ventricles (frequent cause of cardiac arrest)
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| heart block | conduction block from SA node to rest of heart
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| Dx of arrhythmia | EKG, Holter moniter: EKG x 24 hrs + pt keeps diary of activity & symptoms
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| Rx of arrhythmia | antiarrythmic meds, cardioversion, artificial pacemaker (post pacemaker sx: no lifting > 10 lbs x 6 wks. Estim & US in area are contraindicated)
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