independent study
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| benign prostate hyperplasia | enlarged prostate
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| benign prostate hyperplasia S & S | difficulty in initiating urination or in completely emptying the bladder in 1st stage/ later stages-nocturia, dribbling, urinary freqency, wk stream & incontinence
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| rx of benign prostate hyperplasia | alpha blocker meds, thermotherapy (TUMT) or prostivia RF (radio frequency), TURP, HoLEP, TUIP, TULIP
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| TUMT | transurethral microwave therapy
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| TURP | transurethral prostate resection
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| HoLEP | holmium laser enucleation of prostate
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| TUIP | transurethral incision of the prostate
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| TULIP | transurethral ultrasound-guided laser incision of prostate
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| prostatitis | inflammation of prostate
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| S & S of prostatitis | low back pn, pn in pelvis, perineal fullness or pn, fever, dysuria & urinary frequency & urgency
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| Rx of prostatitis | antibiotic and/or antimicrobial therapy + rest & increase fluid. alpha blockers, analgesics, antipyretics, stool softeners, sitz bath, regular ejaculation
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| prostate CA group at risk | males over 50-African Americans, exposure to environmental or chemical elements, co-existing STDs, endogenous hormonal influence
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| prostate CA prevention & Dx | no known method of prevention. dx-digital rectal exam, biopsy, CT or US, PSA blood test, AMACR (alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase)
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| prostate CA prognosis | earlier its detected, better prognosis. survival rates for all stages combined have steadily increased from 50% to 76%
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| erectile dysfunction, impotence | inability to achieve, sustain erection sufficiently for sexual performance
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| causes of erectile dysfunction, impotence | blood flow (meds, atherosclerosis), neurologic (DM, SCI, radiation therapy), psychologic
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| erectile dysfunction, impotence rx | medication, testosterone, penile prosthetic implant
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| UTI (cystitis) | inflammation of bladder, bacterial growth, more common in women
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| end-stage renal disease (ESRD) | usually the result of chronic renal failure, is the gradual, progressive deterioration of kidney function to the point that kidneys can't do what is needed for survival
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| end-stage renal disease (ESRD) S & S | drowsiness & lethargy, confused, anemic, dehydrated, dyspneic, HTN, osteoporosis
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| rx end-stage renal disease (ESRD) | dialysis or kidney transplant. dialysis 9-12 hrs per wk. kidney transplant rx of choice, donor can be relative or cadaver. need immunosuppressive drugs
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| stress incontinence | involuntary loss of urine that is sufficient to be a problem and occurs most often when the bladder pressure exceeds sphincter resistance
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| stress incontinence risk factors | older female, has given birth in past, obesity, cigarette smoking, caffeine, ETOH
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| stress incontinence triggered by | sneezing, laughing, coughing, bending, hi impact ex
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| stress incontinence weak mm | pelvic floor, secondary lower abd
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| pelvic floor disorders associated w/ stress incontinence that require sx | uterine prolapse (uterus dropped into vagina), cystocele (bladder dropped into vagina), rectocele (rectum dropped into vagina)
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| labor is characterized by 2 changes in the cervix | effacement & dilation
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| effacement | shortening, thinning of cervix from 5 cm (2in) to thickness of paper
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| dilation | opening of cervix from the diameter of fingertip to 10 cm
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| dilation is complete at | 10 cm
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| what happens in stage 2 | "pushing" & expulsion of fetus
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| what happens in stage 3 | detachment & expulsion of placenta
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| what is uterine involution | uterus continues to contract & decrease in size for 3-6 wks.
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