Chapter 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Compound | A substance composed of two or more elements held together by a chemical bond. (cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical processes)
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| Lewis Dot Symbol | Consists of an element's symbols surrounded by dots representing a valence electron
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| Ionic Compound | A compound that consists of cations and anions
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| Ionic Boding | Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged particles
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| Lattice | A 3-Dimensional array of cations and anions
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| Lattice Energy | Amount of energy required to convert a mole of ionic solid to its constituent ions in the gas phase
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| Metallic Bond | The valence electrons from a band of electronic cloud surrounding the nucleus
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| Covalent Bond | Results from sharing an electron pair between two atoms
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| Gaining, losing or sharing electrons | Atoms acquire noble gas configuration
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| Molecule | A neutral combination of at lest two atoms in a specific arrangement held together by chemical bonds
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| Law of Definite Proportions | Different samples of a given compound always contain the same elements in the same mass ratio (Proust)
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| Law of Multiple Proportions | Different compounds made of the same element differ in the number of atoms of each kind that combineA
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| Diatomic molecule | A molecule that contains two atoms (Hydrogen molecule H2)
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| Homonuclear | Containing atoms of the same element
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| Heteronuclear | Containing two or more different elements
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| Polyatomic Molecules | Molecules containing more than two atoms
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| Molecular Formula | Chemical formula that give the number of atoms of each element in a molecule (multiple of empirical formula)
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| Allotrope | One or more distinct forms of an element
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| Empirical Formula | The chemical formula that conveys with the smallest possible whole number ratio of combination of elements in a compound
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| Alkali Metals | Group I elements (form +1 cations)
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| Alkali earth metals | Group II elements (form +2 cations)
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| Group V (non metals) | form -3 anions
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| Group VI | form -2 anions
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| Group VII | form -1 anions
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| Naming of Ions | Anions- if derived from single atoms add "ide" (O2- *Oxide)
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| Oxaoanions | Anions containing oxygen
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| Law of Conservation of Mass | For an ordinary chemical reaction, the total mass (reactants plus products) remains constant (Lavoisier)
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| Inorganic Compounds | Compounds that do not contain Carbon or that derived from nonliving sources
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| Organic Compunds | Contain Hydrogen and Carbon
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| Functional Group | A part of a molecule characterized by a special arrangement of atoms that is largely responsible of the chemical behavior of the parent molecule
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| Molecular Mass | The sum of the atomic masses in amu of the atoms that make up a molecule
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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