Properties of Solutions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| saturated solution | contains the max amount of solute that will dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature
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| unsaturated solution | contains less solute than it has the capacity to dissolve
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| supersaturated solution | contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution (very unstable...crystallization often occurs)
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| crystallization | process in which dissolved solute comes out of solution and forms crystals
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| exothermic solution process | the solute-solvent attraction is stronger than the solvent-solvent attraction and solute-solute attraction
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| endothermic solution process | the solute-solvent interaction is weaker than the solvent-solvent and solute-solute interactions
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| solubility | a measure of how much solute will dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature
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| miscible | two liquids are completely soluble in each other in all proportions
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| solvation | process in which an ion or molecule is surrounded by solvent molecules arranged in a specific manner
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| hydration | process in which an ion or a molecule is surrounded by water molecules arranged in a specific manner
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| concentration | the amount of solute present in a given amount of a solution
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| percent by mass | ratio of the mass of a solute to the mass of the solution multiplied by 100%
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| mole fraction | ratio of the moles of a substance over the sum of the moles in all components of the solution
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| molarity | ratio of moles of solute over volume of solution
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| molality | ratio of moles of the solute over the mass of the solvent
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| fractional crystallization | the separation of a mixture of substances into pure components on the basis of their differing solubilities
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| thermal pollution | the heating of the environment to temperatures that are harmful to its living inhabitants
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