Atoms and Elements (Test 1)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| scientific model | an oversimplified conceptual picture to explain some aspect of nature
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| John Dalton | developed the atomic theory; "billiard ball" model
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| J.J. Thomson | cathode ray tube experiment; determined the charge to mass ratio of electrons; "plum pudding" model
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| Robert Millikan | oil drop experiment; determined the charge of an electron (and thus the mass of an electron)
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| Ernest Rutherford | gold foil experiment; showed that most of the mass of an atom lies in the nucleus (which is extremely tiny); destroyed the "plum pudding" model by establishing the "nuclear" model
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| James Chadwick | discovered the neutron
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| What are some characteristics of protons? | mass of about 1 amu; middle in mass between the other two subatomic particles; charge of +1
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| What are some characteristics of neutrons? | mass of about 1 amu; largest of the subatomic particles; charge of 0
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| What are some characteristics of electrons? | mass of about one two-thousandth amu; smallest of the subatomic particles; charge of -1
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| atom | a neutral particle
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| ion | a charged particle
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| cation | a positively charged particle
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| anion | a negatively charged particle
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| atomic number | the number of protons; this defines the element
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| mass number | the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
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| isotopes | atoms of the same element that differ from each other only by the number of neutrons. That is, they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
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| atomic weight | a weighted average of isotopic masses
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| The mass of one carbon-12 atom is exactly how many atomic mass units? | 12 amu
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| Elements in a given what have similar chemical and physical properties? | vertical column or group
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| group | vertical columns; sometimes called "families"
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| period | horizontal rows
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| metals | found on the left side of the periodic table; good conductors of heat and electricity; ductile, malleable, lustrous, tend to lose electrons and become cations
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| metalloids or semi-metals | found on the stair step of the periodic table; properties of both metals and nonmetals
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| nonmetals | found on the right side of the periodic table; insulators, brittle, dull, tend to gain electrons and become anions
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| Group 1 | alkali metals
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| Group 2 | alkaline earth metals
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| Group 16 | chalcogens, "the oxygen family"
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| Group 17 | halogens; very reactive
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| Group 18 | noble gases; mostly nonreactive
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| main group elements | groups: 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
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| transition metals | groups: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
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| inner transition metals | lanthanides and actinides
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
2nenogirl
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