Psychology of Learning Ch. 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | Conditioning procedure in which the US is an event that an organism approaches or seeks out
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| aversive conditioning | show 🗑
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| backward conditioning | show 🗑
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| classical conditioning | show 🗑
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| show | The response, often similar to the unconditioned response, that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus
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| show | Any stimulus that, although initially neutral, comes to elicit a response because it has been associated with an unconditioned stimulus
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| show | Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS precedes the onset of the US, and the two stimuli overlap
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| show | The reappearance of a habituated response to a stimulus following the presentation of another, seemingly irrelevant novel stimulus
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| excitatory conditioning | show 🗑
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| fixed action pattern | show 🗑
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| flexion response | show 🗑
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| habituation | show 🗑
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| show | Conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the absence or removal of a US
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| show | A theory proposing that an emotional event elicits two competing processes: (1) an a-process (primary process) directly elicited by the event, and (2) a b-process (opponent process) that is elicited by the a-process and serves to counteract the a-process
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| orienting response | show 🗑
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| show | A relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus
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| show | A neural structure that underlies many reflexes and consists of a sensory neuron, an interneuron, and a motor neuron
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| sensitization | show 🗑
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| sign stimulus (or releaser | show 🗑
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| show | Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS and the onset of the US are simultaneous
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| startle response | show 🗑
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| show | Conditioning procedure in which the onset and offset of the NS precede the onset of the US
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| unconditioned response (UR) | show 🗑
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| show | A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without any prior learning
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| show | automatic
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| The red belly of the male Stickleback fish is a ___ stimulus for an aggressive display by another male. | show 🗑
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| show | sign stimulus; fixed action pattern
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| show | fixed action pattern
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| show | habituation; sensitization
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| show | habituation
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| A very faint vibration (as in a moving car) is likely to result in ___, while an extremely strong vibration (as in an earthquake) is likely to result in ___. | show 🗑
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| show | habituation; be stimulus specific AND sensitization; generalize to other stimuli
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| show | rise above normal; drop below normal
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| Classical conditioning is also known as ___. | show 🗑
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| In his early investigations, Pavlov noted that a moist edible substance placed in a dog's mouth elicited a ___. | show 🗑
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| In Pavlov's basic classical conditioning procedure, the sound of a metronome eventually becomes a(n) ___. | show 🗑
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| show | neutral
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| Seema once received a shock while plugging in her toaster, and is now quite anxious each time she uses it. In this example, the shock was a(n) ___ stimulus. | show 🗑
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| Svitlana once received a bite while handling her hamster, and is now quite fearful each time she handles it. In this example, the hamster has become a(n) ___ stimulus. | show 🗑
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| Svitlana once received a bite while handling her hamster, and is now quite anxious each time she handles it. In this example, her fear of the hamster is a(n) ___ response. | show 🗑
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| show | CS
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| show | conditioned suppression procedure
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| In a standard CER procedure, the CR is ___. | show 🗑
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| show | excitatory; inhibitory
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| show | trace
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| With which conditioning procedure would a memory deficit be most problematic? | show 🗑
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| In which type of conditioning procedure does the NS provide no additional information concerning the US? | show 🗑
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| In trying to associate a tone with an electric shock, we present the tone at exactly the same time as the shock. This type of procedure is called ___ conditioning. | show 🗑
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| show | backward; unlikely
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| In which type of conditioning procedure is a "biologically relevant" NS likely to produce a conditioned fear response when other types of NSs will not? | show 🗑
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| This type of conditioning procedure can sometimes result in inhibitory conditioning. | show 🗑
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| In Pavlov's basic classical conditioning procedure, salivating in response to the food is a(n) ___. | show 🗑
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| show | large amount of watery saliva
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| When you first move to your new home, you are quite bothered by the sound of aircraft taking off from the military base nearby. After a few weeks, however, you hardly notice it. This is an example of ___. | show 🗑
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| show | appetitive; US
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| The association of an NS with the removal of a US is known as ___ conditioning. | show 🗑
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| Feeling relaxed while walking your pet lion through a dangerous neighborhood is best described as an example of ___. | show 🗑
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| show | sensitization; generalize to other stimuli
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| A(n) ___ stimulus is a stimulus that naturally elicits a response. | show 🗑
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| A ___ is a fixed sequence of responses elicited by a specific stimulus. | show 🗑
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| show | backward; likely
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| A ___ is a specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern. | show 🗑
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| To get rid of an unwanted admirer, Amanda wore no deodorant all day and then exercised heavily without showering before going out on a date with him. This is best described as an example of ___. | show 🗑
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| Vinita eventually stopped noticing that the student next to her was sniffling. At one point, the lights in the room went off, when she again noticed the sniffling. The reappearance of her reaction to the sniffling is best described as an example of ___. | show 🗑
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