Exam 2017 Math Models Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| mathematical modeling | The process of finding formulas to describe real-world phenomena.
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| deductive reasoning | The process of proving a specific conclusion from one or more general statements
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| cardinal number | The number of elements in a set
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| finite set | a set for which the cardinal number is a natural number
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| inductive reasoning | The process of arriving at a general conclusion based on observations of specific examples
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| equal sets | occurs when 2 sets contain exactly the same elements
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| Greatest Common Divisor | the largest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers
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| Least Common Multiple | the smallest number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers
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| absolute value | the distance a number is from zero, always a nonnegative value
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| prime numbers | natural numbers greater than one whose only factors are one and the number itself
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| whole numbers | {0, 1, 2, 3, 4…}
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| rational numbers | a number that can be written in the form a/b, where a and b are integers and b does not equal 0
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| terminating decimal | A decimal number that ends
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| equivalent sets | occurs when there are two sets A and B for which n(A)=n(B)
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| radicand | the number or expression contained in a radical sign
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| irrational number | a nonrepeating or nonterminating decimal
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| principle square root | the positive square root of a number
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| rationalize the denominator | the process of rewriting a radical expression to remove the square root from the denominator
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| Additive inverse | numbers that have the same absolute value but different signs
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| natural numbers | {1, 2, 3, 4…}
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| composite number | natural number greater than 1 that is divisible by a number other than 1 and itself
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| prime factorization | expressing a composite number as the product of prime numbers
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| integers | whole numbers and their opposites
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| Density of Rational Numbers | between any two rational numbers there exist infinitely many rational numbers
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| binomial | an expression containing two terms each having natural number exponents
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| constant | a term containing a single value, no variable
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| factors | the numbers and variables multiplied to obtain a product
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| universal set | the set that contains all elements under discussion
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| algebraic expression | an expression containing numbers and variables along with the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
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| solution set | the set of all solutions of an equation or inequality
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| term | an expression containing only factors, no sums or differences
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| trinomial | an expression containing three terms each having natural number exponents
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| ratio | comparing two quantities by division
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| numerical coefficient | the numerical factor in a term
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| like terms | terms containing exactly the same variables and exponents of those variables
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| Complement of a set | the elements in the universal set that are not in the given set
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| infinite set | a set for which there is no cardinal number
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| closure property | property by which an answer obtained by performing an operation on any two members of a set is also in that set
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| disjoint sets | Two or more sets that have no elements in common
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| common ratio | the number, r, that is the result of dividing a term in a geometric sequence by the preceding term
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| binomial | an expression containing two terms each having natural number exponents
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| proportion | two equal ratios
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| common difference | the number, d, that is the result of subtracting a term in an arithmetic sequence from the preceding term
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| characteristic | the power of ten in scientific notation
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| mantissa | The value in scientific notation that is ≥1 and < 10
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| intersection of sets | the set of elements in both specified sets
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| term | an expression containing only factors, no sums or or differences
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| Commutative Property | the property that allows the order of numbers in mult. or addition to change without changing the result
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| Associative Property | the property that allows the grouping of numbers in mult. and addition to change without changing the result
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| equation | two expressions joined by an equal sign
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| radicand | the number or expression in the radical sign
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| union of sets | the set of elements in either if the specif
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| arithmetic sequence | sequence in which each term after the first differs from the first by a constant amount
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| geometric sequence | sequence in which each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant
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| zero exponent rule | any value raised to the zero power equals 1
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| set | a collection of items that is well-defined
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| estimation | the process of arriving at an approximate answer to a question
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| set builder notation | a set identified using the symbols {x|x...}
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| additive identity | Adding 0 to a number does not change its value; a + 0 = a
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| subset | a set all of whose elements are contained in another set
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Created by:
mcchesney
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