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Exam 2017 Fall Semes
Exam 2017 Math Models Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| mathematical modeling | The process of finding formulas to describe real-world phenomena. |
| deductive reasoning | The process of proving a specific conclusion from one or more general statements |
| cardinal number | The number of elements in a set |
| finite set | a set for which the cardinal number is a natural number |
| inductive reasoning | The process of arriving at a general conclusion based on observations of specific examples |
| equal sets | occurs when 2 sets contain exactly the same elements |
| Greatest Common Divisor | the largest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers |
| Least Common Multiple | the smallest number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers |
| absolute value | the distance a number is from zero, always a nonnegative value |
| prime numbers | natural numbers greater than one whose only factors are one and the number itself |
| whole numbers | {0, 1, 2, 3, 4…} |
| rational numbers | a number that can be written in the form a/b, where a and b are integers and b does not equal 0 |
| terminating decimal | A decimal number that ends |
| equivalent sets | occurs when there are two sets A and B for which n(A)=n(B) |
| radicand | the number or expression contained in a radical sign |
| irrational number | a nonrepeating or nonterminating decimal |
| principle square root | the positive square root of a number |
| rationalize the denominator | the process of rewriting a radical expression to remove the square root from the denominator |
| Additive inverse | numbers that have the same absolute value but different signs |
| natural numbers | {1, 2, 3, 4…} |
| composite number | natural number greater than 1 that is divisible by a number other than 1 and itself |
| prime factorization | expressing a composite number as the product of prime numbers |
| integers | whole numbers and their opposites |
| Density of Rational Numbers | between any two rational numbers there exist infinitely many rational numbers |
| binomial | an expression containing two terms each having natural number exponents |
| constant | a term containing a single value, no variable |
| factors | the numbers and variables multiplied to obtain a product |
| universal set | the set that contains all elements under discussion |
| algebraic expression | an expression containing numbers and variables along with the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division |
| solution set | the set of all solutions of an equation or inequality |
| term | an expression containing only factors, no sums or differences |
| trinomial | an expression containing three terms each having natural number exponents |
| ratio | comparing two quantities by division |
| numerical coefficient | the numerical factor in a term |
| like terms | terms containing exactly the same variables and exponents of those variables |
| Complement of a set | the elements in the universal set that are not in the given set |
| infinite set | a set for which there is no cardinal number |
| closure property | property by which an answer obtained by performing an operation on any two members of a set is also in that set |
| disjoint sets | Two or more sets that have no elements in common |
| common ratio | the number, r, that is the result of dividing a term in a geometric sequence by the preceding term |
| binomial | an expression containing two terms each having natural number exponents |
| proportion | two equal ratios |
| common difference | the number, d, that is the result of subtracting a term in an arithmetic sequence from the preceding term |
| characteristic | the power of ten in scientific notation |
| mantissa | The value in scientific notation that is ≥1 and < 10 |
| intersection of sets | the set of elements in both specified sets |
| term | an expression containing only factors, no sums or or differences |
| Commutative Property | the property that allows the order of numbers in mult. or addition to change without changing the result |
| Associative Property | the property that allows the grouping of numbers in mult. and addition to change without changing the result |
| equation | two expressions joined by an equal sign |
| radicand | the number or expression in the radical sign |
| union of sets | the set of elements in either if the specif |
| arithmetic sequence | sequence in which each term after the first differs from the first by a constant amount |
| geometric sequence | sequence in which each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a nonzero constant |
| zero exponent rule | any value raised to the zero power equals 1 |
| set | a collection of items that is well-defined |
| estimation | the process of arriving at an approximate answer to a question |
| set builder notation | a set identified using the symbols {x|x...} |
| additive identity | Adding 0 to a number does not change its value; a + 0 = a |
| subset | a set all of whose elements are contained in another set |
Created by:
mcchesney
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