Chaps. 7, 8, 10 & 11
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Solution | Homogenous mixture, substance + solvent = solution.
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| Solvent | The substance present in greater amount. Water is the most common.
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| Solute | The substance that is in lesser amount. Ex: Salt water - salt is the solute, water is the solvent
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| Hydration | Water molecules surround each ion
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| Electrolytes | Solutes that dissolve in water that conduct electricity.
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| Nonelectrolytes | They dissolve in water as molecules and do not conduct electricity.
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| Alkanes | Hydrocarbon family makes better fuels and nonpolar solvents.
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| CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | IUPAC name is Octane
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| Hypertonic | A solution that has a higher pressure (and concentration of ions) in solution than body fluids.
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| CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | IUPAC name is Pentane
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| Covalent bond | Organic compound primarily possess this type of bond
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| Colloids | Mixtures in which the solute particles scatter light, pass through filter paper, but do not pass through a semipermeable membrane.
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| Bases | Turns red litmus paper blue, bitter taste, feels slippery and is found in oven cleaners and bleach.
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| Crenation | Shriveling of a cell due to water leaving the cell when placed in hypertonic solution.
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| Molarity | Ratio of the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
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| Nonelectrolyte | A solution that does not conduct an electrical current.
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| Saturated | When a solution contains the maximum amount of solute that it can dissolve at the current conditions of temperature and pressure.
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| Hydrocarbons | Organic compounds which only contain these elements.
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| Covalent | Generally have a higher melting point
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| Weak electrolyte | Gives only a few ions when dissolved in water
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| Acidosis | Forward shift in the equilibrium causing excess acid production
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| Alkalosis | Excess base (or alkali)
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| Alkanes | Hydrocarbons which contain only single bonds are called alkanes.
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| Alkenes | Unsaturated hydrocarbons having one double bond
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| Alkynes | unsaturated hydrocarbon which has at least One carbon—carbon triple bond between two carbon atoms
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| Aromatics | Based on the benzene ring, C6H6
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| Ethyl group | CH3CH2
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| Methyl group | CH3
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