Chapters 3 and 5 (Gerrig and Zimbardo, 18th Edition)
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| Bipedalism and Ecephalization are responsible for what? | Language Development
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| EEG | electroencephalogram, studies relationship between psychological activites and brain response
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| PET | Positron Emission Tomography, given different kinds of radioactive substances which help to record different cognitive or behavioral activites
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| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging, can generate imageds of the locations of different atoms in areas of the brain
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| neurotransmitters | biological substances that stimulate other neurons
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| Acetylcholine | Alzheimers disease, deterioration of the ability to secrete acyetylcholine; causes muscles to contract; affected by botulism; Amazon Indians made a poison out of botulinum that occupies acetylcholine receptors
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| GABA | particularly sensitive:Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Occipital Lobes; low levels = anxiety
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| Dopamine | high levels found in people with schizophrenia, Parkinson's is from deterioration of the ability to produce dopamine
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| Seratonin | neruons that produce are located in the brain stem; involved in arousal and many autonomic processes; LSD suppresses Seratonin
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| Norepinephrine | involved in some forms of depression
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| Central Nervous System | Brain and Spinal Cord
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| Peripheral Nervous System | nerve fibers that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
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| What are the two major components of the Peripheral Nervous System | Somative Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System
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| Brain Stem | primarily involved with autonomic provesses such as heart rate, breathing, swallowing and digestion
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| Limbic System | involved with motivation, emotion, memory processes
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| Medulla | located at the top of the spinal cord, center for breathing, blood pressure, and the beating of the heart
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| Pons | provides inputs to other structures (Latin for Bridge)
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| Reticular Formation | dense network of nerve cells that serves as the brain's sentinel, keeps the brain alert even during sleep
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| Thalamus | channels incoming sensory information to the appropriate area of the cerebral Cortex
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| Limbic System's 3 parts: | Hippocampus, Amygdala, Hypothalamus
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| Cerebellum | attached to the brain stem at the base of the skull, coordinates bodily movements, controls posture, and maintains balance (equilibrium)
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| Hippocampus | largest of the limbic system structures; important in the acquisition of memories
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| Amygdala | plays a role in emotion control and formation of emotional memories
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| Hypothalamus | one of the smallest structures in the brain, maintaints the body's internal equilibrium (homeostasis); regulates temperature, regulates hunger and eating; regulates the activities of the endocrine system
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| Cerebrum and Corpus Colosum | Cerebrum regulates the brain's higher cognitive and emotional functions, corpus collosum connects the 2 hemispheres through a thick mass of nerve fibers
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| Left brain is responsible for ______ | Language
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| Pituitary Gland | master gland, produces about 10 kinds of hormones including one for growth, as well as testosterone for males and estrogen for females
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| Thyroid Gland | metabolism, growth and development
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| Adrenal Glands | fight or flight responses, metabolism, sexual desire in women
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| Pancreas Glands | glucose metabolism
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| Hallucinogens | LSD, PCP, Cannabis
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| Opiates (Narcotics) | Morphine, Heroin
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| Depressants | Barbituates, Benzodiazepines, Rohypnol, GHB, Alcohol
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| Stimulants | Amphetamines, Methamphetamines, MDMA (Ecstasy), Cocain, Nicotine, Caffeine
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