Psychology Chapter 9
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| cognition | mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and communication information.
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| concepts | mental groupings of similar objects, events, ideas, and people.
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| we form concepts by developing | prototypes
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| prototypes | a mental image or best example of a category
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| algorithms | step by step procedures that guarantee a solution
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| heuristics | mental shortcut. helps to reach a solution that is probably correct but not guaranteed
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| insight | an abrupt, true seeing, and often satisfying solution
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| confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
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| fixation | an inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective
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| mental set | our tendency to approach a problem with the mind-set of what has worked for us previously
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| predisposes what we perceive | perceptual set
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| predisposes how we think | mental set
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| intuition | our fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
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| availability heuristic | operates when we estimate the likelihood of events based on how mentally available they are (coming to fear rare events such as flying in an airplane and it crashing)
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| overconfidence | tendency to overestimate the accuracy of our knowledge and judgements (being able to read many chapters the night before)
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| belief perseverance | tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contrary evidence
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| framing | the way we present an issue, sways our decisions and judgements. to scare people framing is projected in numbers.
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| language | our spoken, written, or signed words and the way we combine them to communicate meaning
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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