Regents Chem -Matter & Energy
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Pure Substance | same composition everywhere (elements and compounds)
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| Mixture | 2 or more pure substances physically combined
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| Homogeneous mixture | uniformly combined mixture, no layers (solutions)
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| Heterogeneous mixture | mixture with layers or sections
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| Melting or fusion | solid turning into liquid (endothermic)
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| Freezing or solidification | liquid turning into solid (exothermic)
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| Vaporization | liquid turning into gas (endothermic)
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| Condensation | gas turning into liquid (exothermic)
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| Sublimation | solid turning into gas (endothermic)
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| Deposition | gas turning into solid (exothermic)
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| Distillation | separating (and collecting) all components of a mixture by differences in boiling points
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| Filtration | separation technique for heterogeneous mixture. Creates filtrate and residue.
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| Endothermic | a reaction that requires a net input of energy
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| Exothermic | a reaction that has a net release of energy
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| Chemical properties/changes | Can ONLY be observed by altering the chemical make up of the substance (ie: burning, rusting, cooking)
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| Physical properties/changes | Can be observed without altering the chemical make up of the substance (ie: tearing, crushing)
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| Solid | Has definite shape and volume. Particles vibrate in place. Low energy.
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| Liquid | Has definite volume but no definite shape. Particles move around with more energy than solid.
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| Gas | No definite shape or volume. Volume is determined by the container. Highest energy.
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| malleable | metallic property- can be pounded or flattened into thin sheets
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| ductile | metallic property - can be heated and made into wires
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| Centrifugation | separating a mixture that contains small solids by spinning it really fast so the solid settles out
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| Evaporation | Separating a mixture by boiling out the liquid so only the solid remains, while liquid escapes into atmosphere
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| Chromatography | Separating a mixture by solubility and particle size on a vertical piece of paper with the bottom soaked in a solvent
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| Element | The simplest form of matter that retains the properties of that type of matter. It can't be broken down by chemical means.
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| Compound | 2 or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. Cannot be broken down by physical means
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| Electrolysis | Using electricity to force a reaction to occur. This is the only way to separate a compound into its elements.
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etucci
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