chapter 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| an element | an element is a substance that cannot be split up into simpler substances by chemical means
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| a triad | a triad is a group of elements with similar chemical properties in which the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately equal to the average of the other two
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| Newlands' Octaves | Newlands' Octaves are groups of elements arranged in order of increasing atomic weight in which the first and the eighth element of each group have similar properties
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| Mendeleev's Periodic Law | Mendeleev's Periodic Law: when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight(relavtive atomic mass) the properties of the elements vary periodically
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| atomic number | the atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom
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| the modern periodic table | the modern periodic table is an arrangment of elements in order of increasing atomic number
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| when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number | the properties of the elements vary periodically
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| the mass number of an element | the mass number of an elementis the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
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| isotopes | isotopes are atoms of the same element (with the same atomic number) that have different mass numbers due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus
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| relative atomic mass | the average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of that element
as they occur naturally
taking their abundancies into account
expressed on a scale in which the atoms of the carbon-12 isotope have a mass of exactly 12 units
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| the aufbau principle | the aufbau principle states that when building up the electronic configuration of an atom in its ground state, the electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.
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| Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity | Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity ststes that when two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly before filling them in pairs
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| the pauli exclusion principle | the pauli exclusion principle states that no more than two electrons may occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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