Chemistry Vocabulary
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| Atom | The smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of the element.A single atom has mass and takes up space.
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| Matter | Anything that has composition and made up of atoms.(Solid,Liquid,and Gas)
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| Elements | Pure substances and samples of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties. (can’t be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means).
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| Compounds | Pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.
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| Mixtures | A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. Each items retains its properties in the mixture. They can be separated physically.
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| Heterogeneous | A mixture has larger parts that are different from each other.ex. pizza, salad
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| Homogenous | A mixture contains 2 or more substances that are evenly mixed on a molecular level but still are not bonded together. (Solvent and Solute.
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| Physical Properties | Properties that have to do with appearance. So you can usually observe them.
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| Chemical Properties | Properties that deal with molecular and atomic structure. So they deal with how substances react with each other.
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| Physical Changes | Does not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties.
Ex. when water freezes
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| Chemical Changes | Resulting formation of one or more new substances with new chemical physical properties
Ex. rust on a bike, combo of liquids to form a precipitate.
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| Periodic Table | The periodic table is a chart created by scientist to help them organize and display the elements.
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| Metal | Largest classification out of three. Usually shiny or metallic and are good conductor.
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| Non-Metals | Classification out of three and are dull in appearance.
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| Metalloid | Classification out of three. Characteristics of non-metals and metals. Located between metals and non-metals on the periodic table.
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| Luster | a thin coating containing oxidized metal that glaze to ceramics.
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| Conductors | Something that allows electricity to flow through it easily. Ex metals.
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| Malleable | They can be bent and pounded into various shapes
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| Ductile | meaning they can be drawn into wires without breaking
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| High Density | Metals have high
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| Dull | Not sharp
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| Non-Conductors | Something that does not allow electricity to flow through it easily. Ex wood.
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| Brittle | They cannot change shape without easily breaking.
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| Periods of the periodic table | periods equal rows in the periodic table. There are 7 periods and each element in that row or period
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| Groups/Families of the periodic table | Groups equal columns in the periodic table. There are 18 groups and each element in that group have similar structure and bonds
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| Atomic Number | Number of protons in the nucleus of each atom that element.
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| Atomic mass/weight | # of protons plus the number of neutrons.
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| Neutrons | Negatively charged particles found in the nucleus.
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| Protons | Positively charged particles found the in the nucleus.
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| Electrons | Found outside the atom’s nucleus in the electron cloud. They have a negative charge. The part of the atom that is involved in chemical reactions
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| Chemical Formulas | There are many some tell you about subscripts, #of neutrons, # of protons, and what elements are in the compound
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| Subscripts | Written below and to the right of each element's symbol tells you how many atoms of that element exist in one unit of that compounds.
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| Chemical symbols | Symbols that represent elements on the periodic table like N for nitrogen.
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| Chemical equations | Used to represent that a chemical reaction has occurred It contains the chemical names/formulas of the substances that are involved in the reaction.
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| Reactant | Starts the chemical reaction and are listed on the left side of the arrow, separated from each other by plus signs.
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| Product | are placed on the right side of the arrow, also separated by plus signs
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| Law of Conservation of Matter | French chemist who was also curious about matter. Especially when it changed forms. "matter is not created or destroyed it only changes form"
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