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Chemistry Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of the element.A single atom has mass and takes up space. |
| Matter | Anything that has composition and made up of atoms.(Solid,Liquid,and Gas) |
| Elements | Pure substances and samples of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties. (can’t be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means). |
| Compounds | Pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. |
| Mixtures | A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. Each items retains its properties in the mixture. They can be separated physically. |
| Heterogeneous | A mixture has larger parts that are different from each other.ex. pizza, salad |
| Homogenous | A mixture contains 2 or more substances that are evenly mixed on a molecular level but still are not bonded together. (Solvent and Solute. |
| Physical Properties | Properties that have to do with appearance. So you can usually observe them. |
| Chemical Properties | Properties that deal with molecular and atomic structure. So they deal with how substances react with each other. |
| Physical Changes | Does not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties. Ex. when water freezes |
| Chemical Changes | Resulting formation of one or more new substances with new chemical physical properties Ex. rust on a bike, combo of liquids to form a precipitate. |
| Periodic Table | The periodic table is a chart created by scientist to help them organize and display the elements. |
| Metal | Largest classification out of three. Usually shiny or metallic and are good conductor. |
| Non-Metals | Classification out of three and are dull in appearance. |
| Metalloid | Classification out of three. Characteristics of non-metals and metals. Located between metals and non-metals on the periodic table. |
| Luster | a thin coating containing oxidized metal that glaze to ceramics. |
| Conductors | Something that allows electricity to flow through it easily. Ex metals. |
| Malleable | They can be bent and pounded into various shapes |
| Ductile | meaning they can be drawn into wires without breaking |
| High Density | Metals have high |
| Dull | Not sharp |
| Non-Conductors | Something that does not allow electricity to flow through it easily. Ex wood. |
| Brittle | They cannot change shape without easily breaking. |
| Periods of the periodic table | periods equal rows in the periodic table. There are 7 periods and each element in that row or period |
| Groups/Families of the periodic table | Groups equal columns in the periodic table. There are 18 groups and each element in that group have similar structure and bonds |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in the nucleus of each atom that element. |
| Atomic mass/weight | # of protons plus the number of neutrons. |
| Neutrons | Negatively charged particles found in the nucleus. |
| Protons | Positively charged particles found the in the nucleus. |
| Electrons | Found outside the atom’s nucleus in the electron cloud. They have a negative charge. The part of the atom that is involved in chemical reactions |
| Chemical Formulas | There are many some tell you about subscripts, #of neutrons, # of protons, and what elements are in the compound |
| Subscripts | Written below and to the right of each element's symbol tells you how many atoms of that element exist in one unit of that compounds. |
| Chemical symbols | Symbols that represent elements on the periodic table like N for nitrogen. |
| Chemical equations | Used to represent that a chemical reaction has occurred It contains the chemical names/formulas of the substances that are involved in the reaction. |
| Reactant | Starts the chemical reaction and are listed on the left side of the arrow, separated from each other by plus signs. |
| Product | are placed on the right side of the arrow, also separated by plus signs |
| Law of Conservation of Matter | French chemist who was also curious about matter. Especially when it changed forms. "matter is not created or destroyed it only changes form" |
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