Fluoroscopy permit
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| The principal purpose of image intensified fluoro compared to conventional radiography is that it allows for A) higher resolution B)lower patient dose C) real time viewing D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| show | Adaptation Time
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| The operating potential of most modern image intensifier tubes is approximately: | show 🗑
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| show | Minification ratio
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| show | 2.25 (9^2)/(6^2)
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| show | A
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| show | D - conversion factor is used in the periodic check of brightness gain, since BG can deteriorate as much as 10% yearly due to the "aging" of the input and output screen phosphors. It's calculated as the [intensity of output phosphor] / input exposure rate
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| show | D
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| The principle advantage of the smaller field of the dual field image intensifier is: A)improved image quality B) less minification gain C) lower patient dose D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| The part of the eyes that detect small object details are: A) phototopic (cone) vision B) scotopic (rod) vision | show 🗑
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| During an image intensified fluoro study (manual mode), an increase in kilovoltage will A) lower penetration B) increase pt's dose C)improve image contrast D) decrease pt skin dose | show 🗑
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| The increase in light production by an image intensifier resulting from the acceleration of the electrons across the tube is called: A)conversion gain B)minification gain C)electronic intensification D)Lambert gain | show 🗑
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| show | A
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| show | C - Output, or brightness, varies directly with the change in mA and roughly the square of the kVp.
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| The reduction of brightness at the periphery of an image intensifier is called: A) vignetting B) diminution C) lateral dispersion D) modulation transfer | show 🗑
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| show | B
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| The point in the image intensifier where the electrons crossover is termed the: A)optical focal spot B) input focal spot C) electronic focal spot D) flux focal spot | show 🗑
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| The greater brightness by an image intensifier is in large part due to the incr of electron energy which results from: A) high potential diff across the tube B) photo multiplier to increase signal strength C) grid-controlled x-ray tube D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| show | 100 times - (20)^2 / (2)^2
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| A dual field image intensifier tube with an auto brightness control is being used in the smaller mode. This will result in A) more magnification B) more contrast C ) less image noise D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| show | C
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| A thin deposit of silver that coats the inside of the image intensifier and, when activated, serves to focus the electron stream is called… | show 🗑
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| As magnification of an image increases, the: A) resolution increases B) contrast increases C) minification ratio decreases D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| In order to accommodate human eye integration time, each frame of a television image must be presented in less than: A) .5 sec B) .1 sec C) .2 sec D) .9 sec | show 🗑
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| If someone receives 100 mR at 1 foot from the fluoro table, what is the dose at 3 ft from the table? | show 🗑
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| show | 10-14 inches
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| A person standing 2 ft from the table for 15 min receives a dose of 50 mR. What is the dose if they were 4 ft away for 12 min. | show 🗑
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| show | 900 mR - using the inverse square rule again
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| The part of the image intensifier that converts light to electrons is the… | show 🗑
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| The diameter of the input phosphor to the diameter of the output phosphor is the formula for A) minification gain B) brightness gain C) flux gain | show 🗑
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| Of the following imaging modalities, which has the best RESOLUTION? A) TV monitor B) cine film C) spot film radiograph D) video disc | show 🗑
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| The operators radiation dose is proportional to: A) mA used B) patient's dose C) kVp used D) size of the field | show 🗑
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| show | quality
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| Ratio between the vertical resolution and horizontal resolution is calculated using… | show 🗑
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| The intensity measured at the table top at 80 kVp should not exceed ____ for each mA of operating current. A) 1.5 R/min B) 2.2 R/min C) 5 R/min D) 10 R/min | show 🗑
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| The max exposure rate (where the useful beam enters pt) for fluoro equipment WITH automatic exposure rate controls | show 🗑
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| The max exposure rate (where the useful beam enters pt) for fluoro equipment WITHOUT automatic exposure rate controls | show 🗑
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| The Target-to-Panel Distance that is optimal is ___ inches, and may be no less than __ inches. | show 🗑
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| Increasing Target-to-Panel Distance [increases/decreases] the patient dose. | show 🗑
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| The reason for personnel monitoring is to document that no one receives more than: A) 1/10 MPD B) MPD equivalent C) 1.25 per quarter D) 5000 mR | show 🗑
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| show | 30 min
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| show | 20 Rads/min
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| All are true about Boost Fluoro EXCEPT: A) increases patient dose above normal limits; B) continuous manual activation required; C) continuous audible signal required; D) all of the above | show 🗑
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| show | (1) 5 rem, (2) 15 rem, (3) 50 rem
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| show | 0.1 rems/year, 0.002 rems (2 millirem) in any one hour
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| show | Gray - 1 joule/kg
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| show | Rad - corresponds to absorption of 100 ergs/gram
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| show | Sievert
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| Special unit for dose equivalent | show 🗑
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| show | 2.5 mR
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| Which of the following will decrease patient exposure without decreasing brightness? A) increase target-to-panel distance B) increase kVp C) Decreasing the field size D) Increase distance from intensifier to the patient | show 🗑
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| show | 1.0
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| show | 0.5
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| An area controlled by state regulation where radiation safety is used and enforced is called a: A) high radiation area B) controlled area C) skin D) gonads | show 🗑
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| When the fluoroscopic x-ray is located above the table, the exposure rate is measured: A) 1 cm above the table with a 9" phantom; B) 30 cm above the table with a 9" or 7.9" phantom; C) 18" above the table with a 7.0" phantom | show 🗑
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| Resolution is measured using a: A) line pair grid B) wire mesh tool C) star pattern D) wisconsin test cassette | show 🗑
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| Which of the following serves as the PRIMARY BARRIER for a fluoro x-ray tube? A) leaded walls B) image intensifier C) patient D) tabletop | show 🗑
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| Doubling your distance from a source of radiation results in a reduction of your dose to ___ of the original dose… | show 🗑
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| The best position for filming the Gallbladder is the upright: A) RPO, suspended resp. B) RPO, inspiration C) RPO, expiration, compression D) LPO, insp, comp | show 🗑
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| Which of the following will most often obscure the GB? A) splenic flexure B) small bowel C) colonic gas D) stomach | show 🗑
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| Both the bucky slot cover and the protective curtain of a fluoro unit must have a minimum lead equivalent of ___ mm. | show 🗑
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| Function of an auto brightness control mechanism is to: A) maintain a fixed dose rate to the PATIENT, B) maintain fixed dose rate to the IMAGE INTENSIFIER, C) limit exposure time, D) prevent excess x-ray tube heating | show 🗑
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| show | A - 1-5 R/min
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| show | 19.6R
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| At 1 ft from radiation source the exposure is 240 mR/hr. What would be your exposure if you moved 2 ft from source for 15 min? | show 🗑
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| show | D - higher kVp is higher "quality" and will pass through the skin better
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| Greatest contribution of unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient comes from failure to: A) collimate x-ray beam to area of interest B) use proper gonadal shielding C) use fast screens and film D) use proper exposure factors | show 🗑
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| show | A
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| show | D
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| Which is NOT required on mobile fluoro (C-arm)? A) image intensifier B) device to prevent operation when X-ray beam is not intercepted by the primary barrier C) automatic brightness control D) device to prevent operation at source-to-skin distance <12 in. | show 🗑
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| Quantum mottle decreases the visible detectability of: A) low contrast objects B) high contrast objects C) spacial resolution D) subject contrast | show 🗑
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| All of the following directly influence the table top exposure rate EXCEPT: A) filtration B) target-to-panel distance C) kVp used D) light in the fluoro room | show 🗑
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| If 2 grams of tissue absorbs 200 ergs of x-ray, what is the exposure dose? | show 🗑
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| show | A
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| show | 150 mA
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| Which of the following is NOT regulated by state provisions for quality control checks: A) exposure rates B) kVp accuracy C) mA D) filtration | show 🗑
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| show | To operate the camera shutter at the same frequency as X-ray pulses, thus decreasing patient dose
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| What is the integration time of the human eye (how long it takes for formation of an image)? | show 🗑
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| show | 100 mR/hr
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| show | 97.5%
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| show | 2.5 mm aluminum equivalent
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| show | 1.0 mm
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| When filming in cineangiography, the max magnification is achieved with: A) max horizontal framing B) total overframing C) exact framing D) high resolution framing | show 🗑
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| Tabletop exposure rates must be measured by a physicist at least A) monthly B) yearly C) every 3 yrs D) every 5 yrs | show 🗑
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| show | X-rays into light, then into electrons, then into light.
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| The output phosphor is composed of… | show 🗑
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| show | A
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| If only one personnel monitoring device is worn, it must be located where? | show 🗑
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| The main source of exposure for the fluoro operator comes from scattered radiation coming primarily from where? | show 🗑
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| show | 10-30 roentgens (2-6 R/min?)
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| If a pregnant patient received total skin exposure of 5 rads, what is approx dose to the fetus? | show 🗑
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| show | Daily (p. 105)
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| The max exposure a pregnant technologist may receive during her entire gestational period is: (A)100 mrem (B)250 mrem (C)500 mrem (D)5000 mrem | show 🗑
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| Max exposure a pregnant technologist may receive PER MONTH | show 🗑
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| Max exposure a pregnant technologist may receive for the rest of her pregnancy if she has already received 500 mrem exposure | show 🗑
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| A "high radiation" area is where you could receive in any one hour a whole body dose in excess of: (A)5 mrem/hr (B)50 mrem/hr (C)10 mrem/hr (D)100 mrem/hr | show 🗑
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| show | 6-10 R (3-5 R/min?)
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