Terms used for atomic strucure, acids and bases
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| proton | sub atomic particle, found in nucleus, + charge, has mass
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| mass number | Stuff with mass in atom (= protons + neutrons)
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| Ion | atom that's gained or lost e s to get full outer shell
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| electron arrangement | 2, 8, 8 ...
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| neutralisation | acid + base (or carbonate) → water + salt (+ CO₂)
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| Atom | building blocks of matter (same no. + and -)
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| element | substance made up of one atom type only
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| neutron | sub atomic particle, found in nucleus, no charge, has mass
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| electron | sub atomic particle, found in shells around nucleus, - charge, no mass
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| atomic number | no. of protons in an atom
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| pH | indicates the proportion of H⁺ ions in a substance
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| indicator | changes colour depending on the pH
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| Acid | Has an excess of H+ ions
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| ionic compound/salt | metal ion + non-metal ion
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| isotope | an atom with a different number of neutrons
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| Base | has an excess of OH- ions
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| alkali | a base that dissolves in water
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| Acid + Base → | Salt + Water
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| Acid + metal carbonate → | metal salt + water + carbon dioxide gas
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| acid + metal oxide → | metal salt + water
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| acid + metal hydroxide → | metal salt + water
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| acid + hydrogen carbonate → | metal salt + water + carbon dioxide
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| Formula for Hydrochloric acid | HCl
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| Formula for sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄
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| Formula for nitric acid | HNO₃
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| Formula for carbonate ion | CO₃²⁻
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| Formula for hydrogen carbonate ion | HCO₃⁻
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| Magnesium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid→?+? | magnesium chloride + water
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| sodium oxide + sulfuric acid → | sodium sulfate + water
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| potassium carbonate + nitric acid→ | potassium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide gas
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| What do you observe if you react an an acid (i.e HCl) with any carbonate (i.e. calcium carbonate) | fizzing. Due to the formation of carbon dioxide
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