Human lifespan & development throughout the lifespan
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| What does the human lifespan refer to? | A series of stages that each reflect a specific age of development
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| What was Gibson and Walk's depth perception apparatus called? | Visual cliff
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| What type of infants were used in the Visual Cliff Studies of Gibson and Walk? | Only mobile infants
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| In which stage of the lifespan is a person’s problem solving, memory and creativity at its peak | Early adulthood
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| Which theorist worked in the area of moral development and who worked in the field of psychosocial development? | Kohlberg and Erikson
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| Baltes proposed a framework of propositions related to ageing so that older people maintain the same levels of life satisfaction and personal control as young people using the techniques of | Selection, optimization, compensation
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| At which stage of the lifespan do individuals develop the ability to think abstractly, form hypotheses and ponder the meaning of difficult concepts | Adolescence
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| Lifespan development views human development as a... | Lifelong process where the person is continually undergoing change from conception to death
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| Attachment is best defined as | A close social and emotional bond of affection that develops between the infant and their caregivers
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| At around 6 months of age babies show a strong preference for their mothers by protesting when separated, demonstrating the phenomenon of | Separation anxiety
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| Ainsworth developed a technique to assess attachment difference in children called the... | Strange Situation method
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| Ainsworth suggested three types of attachment for infants naming them.. | Secure, resistant and avoidant attachments
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| According to Piaget’s theory a child in the sensorimotor stage of development is least likely to.. | Use symbols such as pictures to represent objects
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| In which stage of Piaget’s model of development are children most likely to develop conservation | Concrete operational
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| Is punishment vs reward one of Erikson's crisis' involved in his stages? | No
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| Erikson proposed a model of psychosocial development which was comprised of __________stages where each is characterized by a __________ ___________ | 8 - psychosocial - crisis
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| 18. Harlow worked with __________ raising them with two ________ mothers where one was made from___________ and the other made of_____________ | Monkeys - surrogate - terrytowelling - wire
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| What is a self-report method where information is gathered by interview or questionnaire called? | A survey
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| An effective way of gathering data to determine the comparative effects of heredity and environment on development is to conduct a... | Twin study
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| Explain the difference between a sample and population | population is the whole large group that is at interest to the researcher, including every individual member. Sample is the smaller subgroup of the population that has been selected to participate in the research.
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| Nature characteristics are those that are __________ determined while nurture characteristics are those that are impacted by the ___________ | Genetically - Environment
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| 3. The key cognitive accomplishments of conservation and classification occur at which stage of Piaget’s theory and at which age range? | Concrete 7-12 yrs
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| Ainsworth described a number of different attachment styles in her research with infants of which ‘secure attachment’ was one. What does secure attachment mean? | They play and explore comfortably while their mum is present though they do become quite upset when she leaves and are not easily comforted by others.
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| List 4 different types of development that are seen across the lifespan | Physical, Social/Emotional, Moral, Cognitive
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| What are the three levels of Kohlberg’s theory? | Pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional
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| What does Kohlberg use as a test to determine what stage of moral development an individual is at? | Kohlberg would present the type of scenario involving Eddie and the pharmacist and then ask what Eddie should do and why
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| State 1 advantage and 1 limitation of a case study | Information is available and easy but its too specific and doesn’t give you all the information
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| 9. Christie has developed a very worthwhile relationship with the young through her volunteer work as a weekend coach of a local basketball team. What Erikson psychosocial stage is she at and at what stage of the lifespan does this occur? | She is at stage 7 – CARING - generativity - occurring at middle age
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