chapter 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Messages from other neurons and sensory receptors: A) are relayed by glial cells to the correct node of Ranvier. B) can close the synaptic gap. C) are received by the dendrites. D) are collected by the synaptic vesicles. | C) are received by the dendrites.
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| The resting potential is: A) about -70 millivolts. B) the length of time that a neuron is incapable of activating after an action potential. C) the term used to describe how the sympathetic nervous system reduces arousal and conserves energy. | A) about -70 millivolts
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| During the action potential: A)the language activity of the right hemisphere is suppressed. B) sodium ions rush into the interior of the axon. C) L-dopa is continuously released by the postsynaptic neuron. | B) sodium ions rush into the interior of the axon.
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| Reuptake occurs when: A) hormones continuously affect the target organ. B) neurotransmitter molecules are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron. C) brain molecules are bombarded by magnetic waves. | B) neurotransmitter molecules are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron.
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| Reduced brain levels of the neurotransmitter called _________ are involved in the progressive memory loss that characterizes Alzheimer's disease. A) oxytocin B) dopamine C) acetylcholine D) melatonin | C) acetylcholine
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| epinephrine and norepinephrine are manufactured by the _______ in the _______. A) ventricles; brain B) sensory neurons; somatic nervous system C) adrenal glands; endocrine system D) dendrites; synaptic gap | C) adrenal glands; endocrine system
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| The __________ functions as the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. A) hypothalamus B) amygdala C) adrenal medulla D) adrenal cortex | A) hypothalamus
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| The ________ lobe is involved in a person's ability to plan, initiate, and carry out voluntary movements and actions. A) temporal B) somatosensory C) frontal D) parietal | C) frontal
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| Structural plasticity: A) is a brain disorder that results from abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter called dopamine. B) refers to a phenomenon in which brain structures change in response to environmental influences. | B)to a phenomenon in which brain structures change in response to environmental influences.
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| Petro is unable to articulate ideas or understand spoken or written language because of brain damage. Petro suffers from: A) aphasia. B) naloxone deficiency. | aphasia.
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| Psychologist Roger Sperry is best known for: | his studies of split-brain patients.
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| The three types of neurons are: | sensory, motor, and interneurons.
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| In general, neural messages are received by the ________ and transmitted by the_________. | dendrites; axon
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| When neurotransmitters communicate an inhibitory message to the postsynaptic neuron: | the postsynaptic neuron is less likely to activate.
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| Many addictive drugs, including cocaine and nicotine, increase levels of _______ in the brain. | dopamine
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| The development of new neurons in the brain is called: | neurogenesis
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| The brainstem is made up of several structures, which include the: | medulla pons, cerebellum, reticular formation and midbrain, including the substantia nigra.
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| Which of the following is part of the limbic system and is involved in emotional responses and memories with a strong emotional component? A) the medulla B) the hypothalamus C) the amygdala D) the thalamus | C) the amygdala
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| Most left-handed people: A) are bilateral, using both hemispheres equally for virtually all tasks, including speech and language tasks. B) are right-hemisphere dominant for language in their childhood but become increasingly more left-hemisphere dominan | C)are left-hemisphere dominant for language, like most right-handed people.
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| The __________ functions as the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. A) hypothalamus B) amygdala C) adrenal medulla D) adrenal cortex | A) hypothalamus
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| The ________ lobe is involved in a person's ability to plan, initiate, and carry out voluntary movements and actions. A) temporal B) somatosensory C) frontal D) parietal | C) frontal
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| Structural plasticity: A) is a brain disorder that results from abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter called dopamine. B) refers to a phenomenon in which brain structures change in response to environmental influences. | B)to a phenomenon in which brain structures change in response to environmental influences.
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| Petro is unable to articulate ideas or understand spoken or written language because of brain damage. Petro suffers from: A) aphasia. B) naloxone deficiency. C) Parkinson's disease. D) Alzheimer's disease. | aphasia.
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| Psychologist Roger Sperry is best known for: A) his studies of split-brain patients. B) his efforts to debunk the pseudoscientific claims of phrenology. C) identifying the specific brain areas involved in different forms of aphasia. | A) his studies of split-brain patients.
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| The three types of neurons are: | sensory, motor, and interneurons.
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| In general, neural messages are received by the ________ and transmitted by the_________. | D) dendrites; axon
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| When neurotransmitters communicate an inhibitory message to the postsynaptic neuron: A) the postsynaptic neuron is less likely to activate. B) reuptake is inhibited. C) the action potential is canceled out. | A) the postsynaptic neuron is less likely to activate.
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| Many addictive drugs, including cocaine and nicotine, increase levels of _______ in the brain. | A) dopamine
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| The development of new neurons in the brain is called: | neurogenesis
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| The brainstem is made up of several structures, which include the: | medulla pons, cerebellum, reticular formation and midbrain, including the substantia nigra.
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| Which of the following is part of the limbic system and is involved in emotional responses and memories with a strong emotional component? A) the medulla B) the hypothalamus C) the amygdala D) the thalamus | C) the amygdala
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| Most left-handed people: A) are bilateral, using both hemispheres equally for virtually all tasks, including speech and language tasks. B) are right-hemisphere dominant for language in their childhood but become increasingly more left-hemisphere dominan | C)are left-hemisphere dominant for language, like most right-handed people.
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