ABG evaluation (powerpoint notes)
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| pH | 7.35-7.45 A-B
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| PaCO2 | 35-45 B-A
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| HCO3 | 22-26 A-B
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| Causes of Respiratory Acidosis | Build up of CO2 in blood (not enough BPM), hypoventilation, increased dead space
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| Correct Respiratory Acidosis | increase # of BPM, increase size of breaths, and decrease dead space
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| Causes of Respiratory alkalosis | Must have low amount of CO2 in blood, hyperventilation, pain, anxiety
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| To correct respiratory alkalosis | decrease # of BPM, medication for pain, and treat anxiety
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| Causes of metabolic acidosis | low amount of HCO3 in blood, diarrhea, aspirin toxitiy, diabetes, renal failure
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| To correct metabolic acidosis | stop/correct whatever is causing, medication for diarrhea, treat renal failure
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| Causes of metabolic alkalosis | increase in HCO3 in blood, vomitting, NG suctioning, ingestion of NaHCO3
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| To correct metabolic alkalosis | stop/correct vomitting, discontinue NG suction, stop NaHCO3
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| Oxygenation | PaO2, measured only of oxygen dissolved in plasma. subtract 1 mmHg for each year over 60 to get normal for senior citizen
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| Correct hypoxemia | oxygen level is normal, if it took supplemental oxygen to get it there
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| uncorrected hypoxemia | if pt is on supplemental oxygen and their PaO2 is NOT within normal limits
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| Normal oxygenation | 95-97%
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| SaO2 determined by | PaO2, body temp, and pH
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| SaO2 | amount of oxygen attached to and carried by hemoglobin
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