Chapter 2 questions PCOS

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The following,____, describes the first memory allocation scheme.

Each program to be processed was loaded in its entirety into memory and allocated as much contiguous space in memory as it needed

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In a single-user system, jobs are processed ____.

sequentially

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In the algorithm to load a job in a single-user system, the program counter is initially set to ____.

the address of the first memory location

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Fixed partitions are also called ____ partitions.

static

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____ is the first step in the algorithm to load a job in a fixed partition.

Determining the job’s requested memory size

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In the partition scheme, the table that the Memory Manager uses to keep track of jobs is composed of the ____.

partition size, memory address, access, and status

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The fixed partition scheme works well ____.

when jobs have the same size

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____ consists of fragments of free memory between blocks of allocated memory.

External fragmentation

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The ____ keeps the free/busy lists organized by memory locations, low-order memory to high-order memory.

first-fit memory allocation

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____ has the least wasted space and the smallest partition fitting the requirements.

Best-fit memory allocation

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____ is how memory is deallocated in a fixed partition scheme.

Memory Manager resets the status of the memory block where the job was stored to “free.”

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In a dynamic partition scheme, ____, is how the Memory Manager deallocates a block that is between two other free blocks.

the sizes of the three free partitions must be combined

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When memory is deallocated, an entry can be removed from the free list by creating a(n) ____.

null entry

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A(n) ____ in the busy list occurs when a memory block between two other busy memory blocks is returned to the free list.

null entry

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The ____ of memory, sometimes referred to as garbage collection or defragmentation, is performed by the operating system to reclaim fragmented sections of the memory space.

compaction

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The operating system can tell the ____ of each group of digits by its location in the line and the operation code.

function

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The ____ contains the value that must be added to each address referenced in the program so it will be able to access the correct memory addresses after relocation.

relocation register

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____ is the actual memory address for a job that starts at 18K

18,432

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By compacting and relocating, the Memory Manager optimizes the use of memory and thus improves throughput, but an unfortunate side effect is more ____.

overhead

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One approach to performing compaction is to do it when a certain ____ of memory becomes busy.

percentage

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