Different parts of string instruments
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| Body | Consists of the top, back, and ribs. It is the resonating chamber of the instrument. It is this resonating chamber that receives and amplifies the vibrations set up by the strings. Each part of it vibrates in the tone-producing process.
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| Top (Belly, Table) | Made of two pieces joined in the center. Made of spruce wood. The center of the top is its highest point.
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| F Holes | Holes in the shape of "f" that permit the flow of the vibrations from the instrument. They also allow access into the instrument and is how the sound post is inserted and set.
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| Bass Bar | A long narrow piece of spruce cut to conform to the curve of the top. It is glued length wise to the top left of the center in line with the left foot of the bridge. It reinforces the top of the instrument. It strongly influences the sound of instrument.
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| Back | Two pieces of hardwood such as maple that are glued together to form a two-piece back.
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| Purfling | Decorative piece of inlaid wood. It is laid in a channel. It will prevent cracks from reaching the outer edge of the top or back.
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| Ribs | Made of hardwood. Made in six pieces. Run along the sides of the instrument, connected to the top and back.
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| Bout | The outward-curved top and bottom sections of any string instruments form the upper and lower bout. The inward-curved center is called the "c" bout.
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| Blocks and Linings | They provide added gluing surface for the joint between the ribs and the top and back.
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| Sound Post | A dowel made of softwood and fits vertically between top and back of the instrument. Its placement deals a lot with the overall sound quality. Usually positioned to the rear of the right foot of bridge. Exact location varies.
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| Neck | Made of maple. Should be smooth for the player's left thumb to freely move up and down as their left hand moves up and down the fingerboard.
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| Fingerboard | Made of ebony, very hardwood. Provides the surface upon which the strings are pressed down by the fingers of the left hand in the process described as "stopping" the strings.
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| Nut or String Nut | Small piece of ebony that fits across the top end of the fingerboard. Its purpose is to position the strings at the correct height above the fingerboard and provide the correct spacing of the strings.
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| Pegs and Peg Box | Fitted into holes in the peg box. The strings are inserted into holes in the pegs and are tuned by turning the pegs.
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| Machine Head | Metal, screw-type tuning mechanism which is almost exclusively on the bass.
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| Scroll | Mostly for decoration. Its only other purpose is to balance the instrument and helps when fitting an instrument to a child.
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| Bridge | Made of maple. Its feet are curved to conform to the top of the instrument. Top is cut to fit the curvature of the fingerboard and to position the strings at the desired height above the fingerboard. Carries vibrations from strings to top of instrument.
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| Tailpiece | Made of ebony. Lower ends of the strings are held in the slotted holes. Fastened to the end pin by a strong loop of gut, nylon, or wire. It anchors the strings to the bottom of the instrument.
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| Saddle | Small piece of ebony centered along the top edge of the lower bout. Its purpose is to support the tail gut or tail hanger, which loops around the end pin.
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| End Pin (Violin and Viola) | A small peg that is inserted into a hole at the base of the instrument. The loop from the tailpiece goes over this, thus anchoring the strings to the bottom of the instrument.
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| End Pin (Cello and Bass) | A small peg that is inserted into a hole at the base of the instrument. The loop from the tailpiece goes over this, thus anchoring the strings to the bottom of the instrument. **CONTAINS ADJUSTABLE ROD WHICH REGULATE HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT FROM FLOOR**
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| Chin Rest | This is exclusive to the violin and viola. It provides a surface that a player can firmly hold with the forward part of the jaw.
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