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Geography(soil)

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
What is the study of soil known as?   Pedology  
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Soil is made up of a number of elements and ingredients, what are they?   Mineral matter(rock particles), humus,air,water and living organisims  
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What are rock particles?   Pieces of rock resulting from the processes of weathering and erosion  
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What is humus?   What forms when plants and animals decay and rot. It provides food for living organisms in the soil. The darker the soil the more humus present  
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What is air?   Air contains oxygen and nitrogen, which are vital to a plant life  
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What is water?   Water can make up 25% of soil composition. Water carries dissolved minerals or nutrients to the roots of plants  
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What are living organisms?   Micro-organisms (such as earthworms,woodlice and millipedes) help to break down dead plant matter to form humus  
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What is soil profile?   A cross-section of the soil which reveals layers called horizons  
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What are the horizons?   O horizon(plant litter) A horizon(topsoil) B horizon(subsoil) C horizon(bedrock)  
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What is the A Horizon(topsoil)?   The upper layer of the soil,it contains humus and so is dark in colour. Leaching and hardpan can occur here  
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What is leaching?   In wet conditions,when minerals are washed downwards  
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What is hardpan?   The outcome of leached material. This is an impermeable(water cannont flow through it) layer and the soil may become waterlogged  
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What is the B Horizon(subsoil)   It contains less humus and so is light in colour. It is more stony that A horizon  
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What is the C Horizon?   The bedrock or parent material of the soil  
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What are the factors that influence soil formation?   Climate,parent material, vegetation,living organisms,water and time  
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What are the characteristics of sandy soils?   dry,light and gritty. They are also 70% sand  
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Brown earth soils are found in Ireland, what are the characteristics of brown earth soils?   O Horizon(Deciduous trees) A Horizon(humus,little leaching,dark) B Horizon(less humus,lighter brown) C Horizon(parent material)  
🗑
What is the study of soil known as?   Pedology  
🗑
Soil is made up of a number of elements and ingredients, what are they?   Mineral matter(rock particles), humus,air,water and living organisims  
🗑
What are rock particles?   Pieces of rock resulting from the processes of weathering and erosion  
🗑
What is humus?   What forms when plants and animals decay and rot. It provides food for living organisms in the soil. The darker the soil the more humus present  
🗑
What is air?   Air contains oxygen and nitrogen, which are vital to a plant life  
🗑
What is water?   Water can make up 25% of soil composition. Water carries dissolved minerals or nutrients to the roots of plants  
🗑
What are living organisms?   Micro-organisms (such as earthworms,woodlice and millipedes) help to break down dead plant matter to form humus  
🗑
What is soil profile?   A cross-section of the soil which reveals layers called horizons  
🗑
What are the horizons?   O horizon(plant litter) A horizon(topsoil) B horizon(subsoil) C horizon(bedrock)  
🗑
What is the A Horizon(topsoil)?   The upper layer of the soil,it contains humus and so is dark in colour. Leaching and hardpan can occur here  
🗑
What is leaching?   In wet conditions,when minerals are washed downwards  
🗑
What is hardpan?   The outcome of leached material. This is an impermeable(water cannont flow through it) layer and the soil may become waterlogged  
🗑
What is the B Horizon(subsoil)   It contains less humus and so is light in colour. It is more stony that A horizon  
🗑
What is the C Horizon?   The bedrock or parent material of the soil  
🗑
What are the factors that influence soil formation?   Climate,parent material, vegetation,living organisms,water and time  
🗑
What are the characteristics of sandy soils?   dry,light and gritty. They are also 70% sand  
🗑
Brown earth soils are found in Ireland, what are the characteristics of brown earth soils?   O Horizon(Deciduous trees) A Horizon(humus,little leaching,dark) B Horizon(less humus,lighter brown) C Horizon(parent material)  
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Peat earth soils are found in Ireland,what are the characteristics of brown earth soils?   O Horizon(coniferous trees) A Horizon(organic and mineral matter,dark colour,large amount of water) B horizon(grey colour,little air,few organisms) C Horizon(impermeable rock)  
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What is overcropping?   Planting of the same crop in the same area of land area time after time  
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What monocultre?   Farming of a single crop  
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