GCSE edexcel core science chemistry: acids
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| Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? | 1) To help digestion
2) To kill bacteria that may be on the food
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| What is indigestion? | When too much hydrochloric acid is produced by the stomach
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| What is heartburn? | When some of the excess acid produced by the stomach escapes out of the top of the stomach
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| What are antacids? | Indigestion remedies containing bases that neutralise the excess acid
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| What is the difference between a base and an alkali? | A base is a substance that reacts with acids- an alkali is a water soluble base
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| Metal oxide + acid -> ? | Salt + water (neutralisation reaction)
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| Metal hydroxide + acid -> ? | Salt + water (neutralisation reaction)
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| Metal carbonate + acid -> ? | Carbon dioxide + salt + water (neutralisation reaction)
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| Hydrochloric acid produces _____ salts | Chloride
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| Nitric acid produces _____ salts | Nitrate
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| Sulphuric acid produces _____ salts | Sulphate
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| What bases are usually found in antacids? | Calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide
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| What is electrolysis? | The process where a ionic compound is decomposed by electricity from a d.c. supply
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| What does the electroylsis of sea water produce? | Annode: chlorine gas
Cathode: hydrogen gas
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| What does the electroylsis of hydrochloric acid produce? | Annode: chlorine gas
Cathode: hydrogen gas
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| What does the electroylsis of water produce? | Annode: oxygen gas
Cathode: hydrogen gas
(in the ratio of 1:2)
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| What is an electrolyte? | A compound that can be decomposed by electrolysis
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| What is the test for chlorine? | When clorine gas is put on a piece of damp blue litmus paper, the paper will turn red because it is an acid, then will turn white as the chloring bleaches it.
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| What is the test for hydrogen? | If hydrogen is present in a test tube, a lit splint will explode when it is placed at the mouth of the test tube with a small, sqeaky pop
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| What is the test for oxygen? | If oxygen is present in a test tube, a glowing splint will relight when put in the tube
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| What is a use of hydrogen gas? | It is used as rocket fuel
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| What are some uses of chlorine? | * It treats our water supply, killing micro-organisms
* It kills bacteria in swimming pools
* It is used in the manufacture of plastics like PVC [polychloroethene]
* it is used in the manufacture of cleaning products like bleach
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| What are some risks with chlorine? | So much chlorine is produced from electrolysis that if a factory was to leak, meany people could be killed or badly injured
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