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Science C1 Topic 3
GCSE edexcel core science chemistry: acids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? | 1) To help digestion 2) To kill bacteria that may be on the food |
| What is indigestion? | When too much hydrochloric acid is produced by the stomach |
| What is heartburn? | When some of the excess acid produced by the stomach escapes out of the top of the stomach |
| What are antacids? | Indigestion remedies containing bases that neutralise the excess acid |
| What is the difference between a base and an alkali? | A base is a substance that reacts with acids- an alkali is a water soluble base |
| Metal oxide + acid -> ? | Salt + water (neutralisation reaction) |
| Metal hydroxide + acid -> ? | Salt + water (neutralisation reaction) |
| Metal carbonate + acid -> ? | Carbon dioxide + salt + water (neutralisation reaction) |
| Hydrochloric acid produces _____ salts | Chloride |
| Nitric acid produces _____ salts | Nitrate |
| Sulphuric acid produces _____ salts | Sulphate |
| What bases are usually found in antacids? | Calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide |
| What is electrolysis? | The process where a ionic compound is decomposed by electricity from a d.c. supply |
| What does the electroylsis of sea water produce? | Annode: chlorine gas Cathode: hydrogen gas |
| What does the electroylsis of hydrochloric acid produce? | Annode: chlorine gas Cathode: hydrogen gas |
| What does the electroylsis of water produce? | Annode: oxygen gas Cathode: hydrogen gas (in the ratio of 1:2) |
| What is an electrolyte? | A compound that can be decomposed by electrolysis |
| What is the test for chlorine? | When clorine gas is put on a piece of damp blue litmus paper, the paper will turn red because it is an acid, then will turn white as the chloring bleaches it. |
| What is the test for hydrogen? | If hydrogen is present in a test tube, a lit splint will explode when it is placed at the mouth of the test tube with a small, sqeaky pop |
| What is the test for oxygen? | If oxygen is present in a test tube, a glowing splint will relight when put in the tube |
| What is a use of hydrogen gas? | It is used as rocket fuel |
| What are some uses of chlorine? | * It treats our water supply, killing micro-organisms * It kills bacteria in swimming pools * It is used in the manufacture of plastics like PVC [polychloroethene] * it is used in the manufacture of cleaning products like bleach |
| What are some risks with chlorine? | So much chlorine is produced from electrolysis that if a factory was to leak, meany people could be killed or badly injured |
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