Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

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Question

Answer

The normal alveolar ventilation is about

4/Lmin

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The normal pulmonary capillary blood flow is about

5/Lmin

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the average overall ventilation-perfusion ratio is

4:5 or 0.8

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In the normal individual in the upright position, the V/Q ration in the upper lung is

higher than 0.8

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In the normal individual in the upright position, the V/Q ratio in the lower lung region is

is lower than 0.8

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In the upright lung, the V/Q ratio progressively

decreases from top to bottom

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The PAo2 is determined by the balance between

the amount of oxygen entering the alveoli and it's removal by capillary blood flow

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the PAco2 is determined by the balance between

The amount of carbon dioxide that diffuses into the alveoli from the capillary blood and it's removal from the alveoli by means of ventilation.

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An increase V/Q ratio can develp from either

an increase in ventilation or a decrease in perfusion

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When the V/Q ratio increases the PAo2 _______ and the PAco2 _______

PAo2 rises and the PAco2 falls

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The PAo2 increases because it does not

diffuse into the blood as fast as it enters (or is ventilated) into the alveolus

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the PAco2 decreases because it is

washed out of the alveoli faster than it is replaced by the venous blood

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In the upright lung, an increased V/Q ratio is found in the

upper lung regions

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a decreased V/Q ratio can develop from either

a decrease in ventilation or an increase in perfusion

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when the V/Q ratio decreases, PA02 ____ and the PAco2

PAo2 falls and PAco2 rises

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The PAo2 decrease because it moves

out of the alveolus & into the pulmonary capillary blood faster than it is replenished by ventilation

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The PAco2 increases because it moves

out of the capillary blood & into the alveolus faster than it is washed out of the alveolus

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In the upright lung, a decreased V/Q ratio is found in the

lower lung regions

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internal respiration is defined as

gas exchange between the systemic capillaries & the cells

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Under normal circumstances, about ___mL of oxygen are consumed by the tissue cells in 1 minute.

250

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Normally the tissue cells produce about ____ mL of carbon dioxide produced (Vco2)

200

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respiratory quotient is defined as the

ratio between the volume of carbon dioxide produced (Vco2)

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The respiratory quotient is expressed as

RQ= Vco2 _____ Vo2

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external respiration is defined as the

gas exchange between the pulmonary capillaries & the alveoli

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respiratory exchange ratio is defined as the

quantity of O2 &CO2 exchanged during a period of 1 minute

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some pulmonary disorders that increase v/q ratio

pulmonary emboli partial or complete obstruction extrinsic pressure on the pulmonary vessels destruction of pulmonary vessels decreased cardiac output

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pulmonary disorders that decrease v/q ratio

obstructive lung disorders restrictive lung disorders hypoventilation

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Created by: chanadine