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RESP105 Ch. 9

Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

QuestionAnswer
The normal alveolar ventilation is about 4/Lmin
The normal pulmonary capillary blood flow is about 5/Lmin
the average overall ventilation-perfusion ratio is 4:5 or 0.8
In the normal individual in the upright position, the V/Q ration in the upper lung is higher than 0.8
In the normal individual in the upright position, the V/Q ratio in the lower lung region is is lower than 0.8
In the upright lung, the V/Q ratio progressively decreases from top to bottom
The PAo2 is determined by the balance between the amount of oxygen entering the alveoli and it's removal by capillary blood flow
the PAco2 is determined by the balance between The amount of carbon dioxide that diffuses into the alveoli from the capillary blood and it's removal from the alveoli by means of ventilation.
An increase V/Q ratio can develp from either an increase in ventilation or a decrease in perfusion
When the V/Q ratio increases the PAo2 _______ and the PAco2 _______ PAo2 rises and the PAco2 falls
The PAo2 increases because it does not diffuse into the blood as fast as it enters (or is ventilated) into the alveolus
the PAco2 decreases because it is washed out of the alveoli faster than it is replaced by the venous blood
In the upright lung, an increased V/Q ratio is found in the upper lung regions
a decreased V/Q ratio can develop from either a decrease in ventilation or an increase in perfusion
when the V/Q ratio decreases, PA02 ____ and the PAco2 PAo2 falls and PAco2 rises
The PAo2 decrease because it moves out of the alveolus & into the pulmonary capillary blood faster than it is replenished by ventilation
The PAco2 increases because it moves out of the capillary blood & into the alveolus faster than it is washed out of the alveolus
In the upright lung, a decreased V/Q ratio is found in the lower lung regions
internal respiration is defined as gas exchange between the systemic capillaries & the cells
Under normal circumstances, about ___mL of oxygen are consumed by the tissue cells in 1 minute. 250
Normally the tissue cells produce about ____ mL of carbon dioxide produced (Vco2) 200
respiratory quotient is defined as the ratio between the volume of carbon dioxide produced (Vco2)
The respiratory quotient is expressed as RQ= Vco2 _____ Vo2
external respiration is defined as the gas exchange between the pulmonary capillaries & the alveoli
respiratory exchange ratio is defined as the quantity of O2 &CO2 exchanged during a period of 1 minute
some pulmonary disorders that increase v/q ratio pulmonary emboli partial or complete obstruction extrinsic pressure on the pulmonary vessels destruction of pulmonary vessels decreased cardiac output
pulmonary disorders that decrease v/q ratio obstructive lung disorders restrictive lung disorders hypoventilation
Created by: chanadine
 

 



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