GEO Ch 16
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| Both P waves and S waves can pass through ___ | solid rock
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| Earthquake waves propagate most rapidly through ___ | igneous rock
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| Richter scale values above 7 are not accurate. The ___ scale is a more objective method of measuring the energy of a large earthquake | moment magnitude
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| The greatest loss of life in the 1964 southern Alaska earthquake was from ____ | tsunamis
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| _____ would be associated with Benioff zones | All the answers are correct
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| A ___ plots seismic-wave arrival time against the distance | travel-time curve
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| The point within the earth where seismic waves first originate is the ____ | focus
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| _____ waves tend to be incredibly destructive to buildings because they produce much ground movement and take a long time to pass | Rayleigh
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| _____ are seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior, spreading out from the focus in all directions | Body Waves
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| On the modified Mercalli intensity scale the maximum value is _____ | XII
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| _____-waves are the slowest body waves | S
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| A _____ is the first wave to arrive at a recording station following an earthquake | P-wave
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| ___ earthquakes probably occur along older faults that are no longer at plate boundaries, for example the New Madrid Missouri earthquakes of 1811-1812 | Intraplate
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| In the elastic rebound theory, earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of progressively stored ___ in rocks | strain
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| A ____ is a seismic sea wave | tsunami
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| Perhaps 90 percent of the destruction in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake was caused by ___ | fires
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| Although large earthquakes are rare in the central and eastern United States, when they do occur they tend to be very destructive because | the crust there is cool and brittle
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| Rupture begins at the ____ and then spreads rapidly along the fault plane | focus
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| ____ are earthquake waves that cause the most property damage | Surface waves
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| Faulting and earthquakes are examples of ______ | brittle behavior
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| The most important concentration of earthquakes by far is _____ | the Circumpacific belt
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| The paper record of an earthquake is a ___ | seismogram
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| The effects of ground motion caused by an earthquake do not include | volcanism
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| _____ are the waves of energy produced by an earthquake | Seismic
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| _____ maps are useful for assessing how different areas respond to seismic waves and provide valuable information for earthquake planning | Intensity
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| _____ focus earthquakes are the most common | Shallow
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| Surface Waves _____ | produce most of the damage to buildings during earthquakes
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| _____ can occur when water-saturated soil turns from a solid to a liquid as a result of an earthquake | Liquefaction
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| Deep rocks behave as ____ material under stress rather than breaking | ductile
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| ___ stations are the minimum needed to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter | Three
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| The time interval between the first arrival of P-waves and the first arrival of S-waves _____ with distance from the focus of an earthquake | increases
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| For most of the 20th century earthquake magnitude was reported on the _____ scale, a scale that has never exceeded a magnitude 8.6 | Richter
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| A series of earthquakes that occurred near ____ in 1811-1812 were the most widely felt earthquakes to occur in recorded history | New Madrid, Missouri
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| ____ is a measure of an earthquake's effect on people and buildings | Intensity
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| Medium and deep focus earthquakes occur along _____ | convergent plate boundaries only
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| The ____ is the most famous example of a right lateral transform fault | San Andreas Fault in California
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| One suggested cause of deep focus earthquakes is _____ | collapse of minerals into denser forms
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| Tsunami waves may move faster than _____ | 800 km/hr
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| Which of the following is not used to aid in earthquake prediction | tsunamis
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| Deep focus earthquakes occur at a maximum depth of _____ | 670 km
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