chem chapter 13 suggested problems
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Which type of radiation is the most penetrating? | Gamma Rays
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| The type and approximate amount of material required to stop alpha particles | a piece of paper (or the skin)
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| The type and approximate amount of material required to stop beta particles | 0.5 cm sheet of lead
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| The type and approximate amount of material required to stop gamma rays. | Several centimeters of lead.
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| Which radioisotope is more hazerdous, 1 g of 238/92U with a half life of 4.5 billion years, or 1 g of 222/86Rn with a half life of 3 days. Explain. | 222/86Rn because more ionizing radiation is submitted over a shorter period of time.
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| Whats wrong with this equation? 4/2He + 27/13AL ---> 49/15P + 1/0n | The mass numbers don't add up.
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| Idoine-131 has a half life of 8 days. Approximatly what fraction of iodine-131 will remian after one month (about 31 days)? | 1/16
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| what is the final product of the uranium series? | Stable, nonradiactive isotope of lead-206
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| Electrical charge and mass for beta particles | -1, 0
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| Electrical charge and mass for alpha particles | +2, 4
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| Electrical charge and mass for gamma rays | 0, 0
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| Electrical charge and mass for positrons | +1, 0
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| Electrical charge and mass for nuetrons | 0, 1
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| beta symbol | 0/-1e
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| positron symbol | 0/+1e
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| Alpha symbol | 4/-2He^2+
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| Gamma symbol | 0/0y
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| nuetron symbol | 1/0n
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| 1/0n + 235/92U ---> 142/56Ba + [ ] + 31/0n | 1/0n + 235/92U ---> 142/56Ba + [90/36Kr] 31/0n
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| 64/29Cu ----> ____ + 0/-1e | 64/29Cu ----> 64/30Zn +0/-1e
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| 69/30Zn ---> ____ + 69/31Ga | 69/30Zn ---> 0/-1e + 69/31Ga
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| 131/53L ----> 131/54Xe + ____ | 131/53L ----> 131/54Xe + 0/-1e
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| What are transuranium elements? | An artifical element with an atomic number greater than 92.
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| What is the reason for irradiating food with gamma rays? What is the effect of radiation? | Reduces food spoilage, longer shelf life.
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| Desceribe what effect gamma rays from cobalt-60 have on cancer cells and why this makes them useful in radiation therapy for cancer. | gamma rays can damage the DNA sequence needed for duplication of the genetic code in the rapidly mulitplying cancer cells that duplicate more often than normal cells
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| which source of background radiation contributes more to a persons annual dose, weapons test fallout or natrual radiation in food, water and air? | natrual radiation in food, water, and air.
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| Name three problems that are associated with nuclear energy from fission | catastrophic acciden and relaease of radioactive material, plutonium proudcion, dosposal of radioactive wastes
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