Mass Spectrometry and Isotopic Abundance
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| Mass Spectrometry | Instruments that measure charge-to-mass ratio of charged particles.
First devised byFrancis Aston Generates ions that evacuate path inside a magnet
Ions separated based on mass.
Scientists determine the masses and abundances of the isotopes of an eleme
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| Graph of MS | Plot Relative abundance by mass
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| Atomic Weight | the weighted average of the masses of its stable isotopes
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| extent of which the beam of ions is deflected depends on 4 factors | magnitude of the accelerating voltage (eletric field strength) higher voltages result in beams of more rapidly moving particles that are deflected less than the beams of the more slowly moving particles produced by lower voltages
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| Magnetic field strength. stronger fields deflect a given beam more than weaker fields
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| masses of the particles. because of their inertia, heavier particles are deflected less than lighter particles that carry the same charge
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| charges on the particles. particles with higher charges interact more strongly with magnetic fields and are thus deflected more than particles of equal mass with smaller charges
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| 1 amu | is exactly 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
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| the atomic number | Z, is an integer = the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. Also = number of electrons in a neutral atom. is the same for all atoms of an element
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| the mass number | A, is an integer = sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of a particular isotope of an element. different for different isotopes of the same element
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| the atomic weight | the weighted average of the masses of its isotopes. Atomic weights are fractional numbers
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