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Ch 4 Section 8-9

Mass Spectrometry and Isotopic Abundance

QuestionAnswer
Mass Spectrometry Instruments that measure charge-to-mass ratio of charged particles. First devised byFrancis Aston Generates ions that evacuate path inside a magnet Ions separated based on mass. Scientists determine the masses and abundances of the isotopes of an eleme
Graph of MS Plot Relative abundance by mass
Atomic Weight the weighted average of the masses of its stable isotopes
extent of which the beam of ions is deflected depends on 4 factors magnitude of the accelerating voltage (eletric field strength) higher voltages result in beams of more rapidly moving particles that are deflected less than the beams of the more slowly moving particles produced by lower voltages
Magnetic field strength. stronger fields deflect a given beam more than weaker fields
masses of the particles. because of their inertia, heavier particles are deflected less than lighter particles that carry the same charge
charges on the particles. particles with higher charges interact more strongly with magnetic fields and are thus deflected more than particles of equal mass with smaller charges
1 amu is exactly 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
the atomic number Z, is an integer = the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. Also = number of electrons in a neutral atom. is the same for all atoms of an element
the mass number A, is an integer = sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of a particular isotope of an element. different for different isotopes of the same element
the atomic weight the weighted average of the masses of its isotopes. Atomic weights are fractional numbers
Created by: tilleryc
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